Emzirmeyi Desteklemede Teknoloji Kullanımı: Sanal Gerçeklik

Emzirmenin anne ve bebek için sayısız yararı vardır. Bu nedeniyle ulusal ve uluslararası kuruluşlar anne sütüyle beslenme oranlarını artırmak için emzirmeyi önermektedir. Emzirmenin teşviki, doğum öncesi ve doğum sonrası dönemde emzirme eğitimleri ile sağlanmalıdır. Küreselleşme ve teknolojinin getirdiği yenilikler, yüz yüze emzirme desteğine erişim ve kaynakların sınırlı olması emzirme desteğinin bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri aracılığıyla sunulmasına olanak sağlar. Ebeveynlerin eğitiminde ve emzirmenin teşvik edilmesinde kısa mesaj, web tabanlı uygulamalar, online eğitim programları, mobil aplikasyonlar, simülasyonlar ve mobil oyunlardan yararlanılmaktadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü ve güncel araştırmalar ebeveynlerin emzirme sürecine bütüncül bir bakış sağlayan ve süreci deneyimleyebileceği teknoloji tabanlı çözümlerin getirilmesini önermektedir. Son yıllarda yaygınlaşan sanal gerçeklik uygulaması, kullanıcıların kendilerini üç boyutlu bilgisayar tarafından oluşturulan bir dünyanın içindeymiş gibi hissetmelerine olanak tanıyan bir teknolojidir. Sanal gerçeklik gözlüğü sağlık alanında çeşitli araştırmalarda kullanılmıştır. Fakat literatürde sanal gerçeklik gözlüğünün emzirme eğitiminin verilmesi amacıyla kullanıldığı araştırmalar çok sınırlıdır. Bu derlemede emzirme desteği ve teşvikini sağlamakta teknoloji ve sanal gerçeklik kullanımını irdelemek amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Danışmanlık, Eğitim, Emzirme, Sanal gerçeklik, Simülasyon, Teknoloji

Using Technology to Support Breastfeeding: Virtual Reality

Breastfeeding has numerous benefits for mother and baby. Because of this, national and international organizations recommend breastfeeding to increase the rates of breastfeeding. Encouragement of breastfeeding should be provided with breastfeeding education in the prenatal and postnatal period. Globalization and innovations brought by technology, access to face-to-face breastfeeding support and limited resources allow breastfeeding support to be provided through information and communication technologies. Text messages, web-based applications, online education programs, mobile applications, simulations and mobile games are used in the education of parents and in promoting breastfeeding. The World Health Organization and current research suggest the introduction of technology-based solutions that provide a holistic view of the breastfeeding process and enable parents to experience the process. The virtual reality application, which has become widespread in recent years, is a technology that allows users to feel as if they are in a three-dimensional computer-generated world. Virtual reality glasses have been used in various researches in the field of health. However, studies in which virtual reality glasses are used for breastfeeding education are very limited in the literature. In this review, it is aimed to examine the use of technology and virtual reality in providing breastfeeding support and encouragement.

Keywords:

Counseling, Breastfeeding, Education, Virtual reality, Simulation, Technology,

PDF

___

Akyıldız, D., Bay, B. (2022). The effect of breastfeeding support provided by video callon postpartum anxiety, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and newborn outcomes: A randomized controlled study. Japan Journal of Nursing Science, 20(1), e12509. doi: 10.1111/jjns.12509
Almohanna, A. A., Win, K. T., Meedya, S. (2020). Effectiveness of ınternet-based electronic technology ınterventions on breastfeeding outcomes: Systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(5). doi: 10.2196/17361
Bani Mohammadi E., Ahmad, M. (2019). Virtual reality as a distraction technique for pain and anxiety among patients with breast cancer: A randomized control trial. Palliative and Supportive Care, 17, 29–34. doi: 10.1017/S1478951518000639
Berman, N. B., Durning, S.J., Fischer, M.R., Huwendiek, S., Triola, M.M. (2016). The role for virtual patients in the future of medical education. Academic Medicine: Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 91(9),1217–1222. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001146
Bevilacqua, R., Maranesi, E., Riccardi, G. R., Donna, V. D., Pelliccioni, P., Luzi, R., … Pelliccioni, G. (2019). Non-immersive virtual reality for rehabilitation of the older people: A systematic review into efficacy and effectiveness. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8. doi:10.3390/jcm8111882
Chang, C. Y., Sung, H. Y., Guo, J. L., Chang, B. Y., Kuo, F. (2022). Effects of spherical video-based virtual reality on nursing students’ learning performance in child birth education training. Interactive Learning Environments, 30(3), 400-416. doi: 10.1080/10494820.2019.1661854
Chirico, A., Maiorano, P., Indovina, P., Milanese, C., Giordano, G. G., Alivernini, F., … Giordano, A. (2020). Virtual reality and music therapy as distraction interventions to alleviate anxiety and improve mood states in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 235, 5353– 5362. doi: 10.1002/jcp.29422
Chirico, A, Lucidi, F, de Laurentiis, M., Milanese, C., Napoli, A., Giordano, A. (2016). Virtual reality in health system: Beyond entertainment. A Mini-review on theefficacy of VR during cancer treatment. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 231(2), 275–287
Dantas, D. C., Goes, F. G. B., Santos, A. S. T., Silva, A. C. S. S., Silva, M. A., Silva, L. F. (2022). Production and validation of educational video to encourage breastfeeding. Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem, 43, 1-14. doi: 10.1590/19831447.2022.20210247.en
Daşkıran, L. (2016). Sanal Gerçeklik Çağına Hazır mısınız? Rüyaların Satılığa Çıktığı Yeni Bir Dönem Başlıyor. Erişim tarihi: 13.05.2023, https://services.tubitak.gov.tr/edergi/yazi.pdf;jsessionid=w3fQNz6Pm4DbG72Mn1AMEoaT?dergiKodu=4&cilt=49&sayi=917&sayfa=66&yaziid=39193
Durmazoğlu, G., Okumuş, H. (2019). Yenilikçi ve güncel eğitim yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı emzirme eğitimlerinin incelenmesi. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 23-31.
Dutucu, N., Özdilek, R., Acar Bektaş, H. (2022). Sanal gerçekliğin mamografi sırasındaki ağrı ve anksiyeteye etkisi: Randomize kontrollü bir çalışma. Anatolian Journal of Health Research, 3(1), 1-7. doi: 10.29228/anatoljhr.53937
Ebrahimian, A., Bilandi, R. R., Bilandi, M. R. R., Sabzeh, Z. (2022). Comparison of the effectiveness of virtualreality and chewingmintgum on labor pain and anxiety: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22. doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-04359-3
Fallon, V., Komninou, S., Bennett, K. M., Halford, J. C. G., Harrold, J. A. (2017). The emotional and practical experiences of formula-feeding mothers. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 13(4), e12392. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12392
Friesen, C. A., Hormuth, L. J., Petersen, D., Babbitt, T. (2015). Using video conferencing technology to provide breastfeeding support to low-ıncome women: connecting hospital-based lactation consultants with clients receiving care at a community health center. Journal of Human Lactation, 31(4), 595-599. doi:: 10.1177/0890334415601088
Gökduman Keleş, M. (2022). Müzik eşliğinde izletilen sanal gerçeklik gözlüğünün epizyotomi onarımı sırasında kadınların algıladığı ağrıya, yaşam bulgularına ve doğum sonu konforuna etkisi. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ebelik Anabilim Dalı, Aydın.
Haobijam, M., Kumari, V., Sembian, N. (2015). Technology-enhanced learning (tel) on breastfeeding among primigravida mothers. Research & Reviews: Journal of Medicine, 5(2), 19-23.
Herlina, N., Ekowati, E., Fratidhina, Y., Nugroho, W., Agustina, I.F., Aticeh, A. (2022). Virtual Reality (VR) glasses for oxytocin relaxation therapy to increase breast milk production of postpartum mothers. Jurnal MIDPRO, 14(1), 101-107.
Hwang, G. J., Chang, C. C., Chien, S. Y. (2022). A motivational model-based virtual reality approach to prompting learners' sense of presence, learning achievements, and higher-order thinking in Professional safety training. British Journal of Educational Technology, 53, 1343-1360. doi: 10.1111/bj et.13196
Indovina, P., Barone, D., Gallo, L., Chirico, A., De Pietro, G., Giordano, A. (2018). Virtual reality as a distraction intervention to relieve pain and distres during medical procedures. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 34(9), 858–877. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000599
Joshi, A., Amadi, C., Meza, J., Aguire, T., Wilhelm, S. (2016). Evaluation of a computer-based bilingual breastfeeding educational program on breastfeeding knowledge, self-efficacy and intent to breastfeed among rural Hispanic women. International Journal of Medical Informatics 91, 10–19. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2016.04.001
Kim, S. H., Kim, H. Y., Shin, G. (2021). Self-management mobile virtual reality program for women with gestational diabetes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1539. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041539
Lewkowitz, A. K., Raghuraman, N., Lopez, J.D., Macones, G. A., Cahill, A. G. (2019). Infant feeding practices and perceived optimal breastfeeding interventions among low-income women delivering at a baby-friendly hospital. American Journal of Perinatology Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 36(7), 669-677. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1676485
Massov, L., Robinson, B., Rodriguez-Ramirez, E., Maude, R. (2022). Virtual reality is beneficial in decreasing pain in labouring women: A preliminary study. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1-5. doi: 10.1111/ajo.13591
Meedya, S., Win, K., Yeatman, H., Fahy, K., Walton, K., Burgess, L., … Halcomb, E. (2021). Developing and testing a mobile application for breastfeeding support: The Milky Way application. Women and Birth, 34(2), 196-203. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2020.02.006
Mızrak Şahin, B., Özerdoğan, N. (2014). Başarılı emzirme için sosyal bilişsel ve emzirme öz-yeterlilik kuramlarına dayalı hemşirelik bakımı. Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 11(3), 11-15.
Mohamed, H. A. O., Sweelam, M. Y. M., Mohamed, S. H., Abuzaid, A. M. A., Elkhalek, N. K. A., Mohamed, N. H. A. (2022). Effect of virtual reality application on paina nd anxiety among primiparous women with episiotomy. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 13(2), 625-639. doi: 10.21608/EJHC.2022.233172
Moraes, V. C., Ferraz, L. (2021). Educational technology on expressing breast milk: development and validation of a Serious Game. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil, 21(3), 845-855. doi: 10.1590/1806-93042021000300007
Nassar, A. K., Al-Manaseer, F., Knowlton, L. M., Tuma, F. (2021). Virtual reality (VR) as a simulation modality for technical skills acquisition. Annals of Medicine and Surgery, 71. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102945
Padilha, J. M, Machado, P. P, Ribeiro, A, Ramos, J., Costa, P. (2019). Clinical virtual simulation in nursing education: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(3), e11529. doi: 10.2196/11529
Qian, J., McDonough, D. J., Gao, Z. (2020). The effectiveness of virtual reality exercise on ındividual’s physiological, psychological and rehabilitative outcomes: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 4133. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114133
Saad, M., Chan, S., Nguyen, L., Srivastava, S., Appireddy, R. (2021). Patient perceptions of the benefits and barriers of virtual postnatal care: A qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21, 543. doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-03999-9
Santos, L. F., Borges, R. F., Azambuja, D. A. (2020). Telehealth and breastfeeding: an integrative review. Telemedicine and e-Health, 26(7), 837-846. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2019.0073
Sayres, S., Visentin, L. (2018). Breastfeeding: uncovering barriers and offering solutions. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 30(4), 591-596. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000647
Şen, S., Usta, E., Bozdemir, H. (2022). The effect of mobile virtual reality on operating room nursing education. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 17(2), 199-202. doi: 10.1016/j.teln.2022.01.008
T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2017). Anne Sütünün Teşviki ve Bebek Dostu Sağlık Kuruluşları Programı. Erişim tarihi: 11.11.2022, https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/cocukergen-bp-liste/anne-s%C3%BCt%C3%BCn%C3%BCn-te%C5%9Fviki-ve-bebek-dostu-sa%C4%9Fl%C4%B1k-kurulu%C5%9Flar%C4%B1-program%C4%B1.html
Tang, K., Gerling, K., Chen, W., Geurts, L. (2019). Information and communication systems to tackle barriers to breastfeeding: Systematic search and review. Journal of Medıcal Internet Research, 21(9), 1-15. doi: 10.2196/13947
Tang, K., Gerling, K., Geurts, L. (2022). Virtual feed: design and evaluation of a virtual reality simulation addressing the lived experience of breastfeeding. In CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, April 29-May 5, 2022, New Orleans, USA, (pp. 17). doi: 10.1145/3491102.3517620
Tang, K., Gerling, K., Geurts, L., Spiel, K. (2021). Understanding the role of technology to support breastfeeding. ın proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Online- Yokohama, Japan). Association for Computing Machinery; New York, USA, (pp. 1–13). doi: 10.1145/3411764.3445247
Tian, Q., Xu, M., Yu, L., Yang, S., Zhang, W. (2022). The efficacy of virtual reality–based ınterventions in breast cancer–related symptom management. Cancer Nursing. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000001099
Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması [TNSA]. (2018). Çocukların ve kadınların beslenme durumu. Erişim tarihi: 12.11.2022, http://www.sck.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf
United Nations Children's Fund [UNICEF]. (2018). Breastfeeding: A smart investment. Erişim tarihi: 11.11.2022, https://www.globalbreastfeedingcollective.org/
White, B. K., Martin, A., White, J. A., Burns, S. K., Maycock, B.R., Giglia, R.C., … Scott, J. A. (2016). Theory-based design and development of a socially connected, gamified mobile app for men about breastfeeding (Milk Man). JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 4(2). doi: 10.2196/mhealth.5652
World Health Organization [WHO]. (2021). Infant and young child feeding. Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2022, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding
World Health Organization [WHO]. (2022). Breastfeeding. Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2022, https://www.who.int/health-topics/breastfeeding#tab=tab_1
Yadav, D., Malık, P., Dabas, K., Singh, P. (2019). Feedpal: understanding opportunities for chatbots in breastfeeding education of women in India. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 3, 1-30. doi: 10.1145/3359272
Yılmaz Sezer, N., Aker, M. N., Gönenç, İ., Topuz, Ş., Şükür, Y. E. (2022). Histerosalpingografi sırasında sanal gerçekliğin kadınların algılanan ağrı, korku, kaygı ve işlem ile ilgili görüşlerine etkisi: randomize kontrollü bir deneme. Authorea Preprints, doi: 10.22541/au.166118224.46838782/v2
Zeng, N., Pope, Z. C., Lee, J. E., Gao, Z. (2018). Virtual reality exercise for anxiety and depression: a preliminary review of current research in an emerging field. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 7(3), 42. doi: 10.3390/jcm7030042