Yunanistan'ın Türkiye Algısı Çerçevesinde Oluşan Balkan Politikası

Soğuk Savaş'ın ilk yıllarında Türkiye ile paralel bir yol alan Yunanistan, Batı sistemi içerisinde yer alarak komünist rejimle yönetilen Balkan ülkeleri ile ilişkilerini alt düzeyde tutmuştur. Türkiye ile Kıbrıs meselesi yüzünden ilişkilerin giderek kötüleşmeye başlaması ve 1974 yılında Kıbrıs Barış Harekâtı, Yunanistan'ı dış politika açısından yeni arayışlara itmiştir. Bu tarihten itibaren temel önceliği Türkiye tarafından tehdit olarak algılanan Yunanistan hem Avrupa'ya hem de Balkan ülkelerine yönelmiştir. Soğuk Savaş'ın sona ermesinin ardından 1990'ların ilk yarısında Yunanistan yine bu Türkiye algısı çerçevesinde hareket etmiştir. Ancak izlediği politikanın, kendisini, uluslararası ortamda ve bölgede yalnızlaştırdığını fark eden Yunanistan, 90'ların ikinci yarısında Balkanlarda ekonomi politikaları ile yer almaya başlamıştır. Önceliği Türkiye tehdidini bertaraf etmek olan Yunanistan eski politikasını değiştirmiş ve bu yolda daha aktif bir politika izlemeye başlamıştır

Greece's Balkan Policy in the Frame of the Perception of Turkey

At the first years of the cold war era Greece, following a parallel path with Turkey, took part in the Western system and kept its relations with the communist Balkan countries at a low level. The deterioration of relations with Turkey due to the Cyprus issue followed by the Cyprus Operation conducted by Turkey in 1974, Greece embarked on a new quest in foreign policy. From this date on Greece put its main priority on Turkish threat perception and thus turned its steps towards Europe and the Balkans. After the end of cold war era, in the first half of 1990s Greece persisted its policy in the same Turkish threat perception. Nevertheless Greece began to understand that this policy it carried out isolated it both in the international arena and the region and thus in the second half of 1990s Greece tried to appear in the Balkans with the economic policies. Therefore it is understood that until the second half of 1990s, primary political issue of Greece had been established on the perception of Turkish threat but then Greece changed this old policy and endeavored to become more active in the economic field

PDF

___

?????????, ??????? ?. ???????? ???? ???????? ????????? ???????? 1949-1988, 4? ???., ???????????, ???????????, 2005.
???????, ???????. "? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ??? ??????????", ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????????, ????. ?????????? ????????, ????? 2, ???????, ?????, 2003.
???????, ?????. "?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? 1821-1912", ?????????? ??? ????????????, ??????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ?????????, ????. ?. ?. ????????, ?????, ?????, 1983, pp. 59-67.
???????, ?????. ??????? ??? ??????????????? ?????? 1453-2005, ???????, ?????, 2005.
Clogg, Richard. ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? 1770-2013, 3? ??????, ????????, ?????, 2015.
Close, David H. "????????", ? ????????? ???????? ??????? 1943-1950 ??????? ??? ??? ??????, ????. David H. Close, ?????. ??????? ?????????, ????????, ?????, 1997, pp. 15-51.
Couloumbis, Theodore A. The United States, Greece and Turkey: The Troubled Triangle, New York, Praeger, 1983.
?????????????, ????????? ???. ? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????????, 1974-1989, University Studio Press, ???????????, 2015.
Fırat, Melek. "1960-1980 Yunanistan'la İlişkiler", Baskın Oran (ed.), Türk Dış Politikası Kurtuluş Savaşından Bugüne Olgular, Belgeler, Yorumlar, Cilt I, İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul, 2001.
Goumenos, Thomas. "Greek Perception of the Balkans: Edgy Coexistence or Difficult Relationship?", UACES 35th Annual Conference and 10th Research Conference, The European Union: Past and Future Enlargements, Zagreb, Croatia, 5-7 September 2005.
Gourgouris, Stathis. Dream Nation, Enlightenment, Colonization and the Institution of Modern Greece, California, Standford University Press, 1996.
??????????, ??????. ? ?????? ??? ? "?? ???????? ????????", ?????, ?????, 2001.
????????, ????????. "? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????????????: ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ?????????????", ????. ?????????? ?. ????????, ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????????, ???. 1, ???????, ?????, 2003, pp. 297-325.
Kalaitzidis, Akis. Europe's Greece A Giant in the Making, Palgrave MacMillan, London, 2010.
???????????, ????????? ?. ? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????????, ??????????-????????-???? ??????????, ???????? ?????????, ???????????, 1991.
Kırlı Ntokme, Outkou. "Ulus Devlet Oluşturmada Yunanistan Örneği: Bü- yük Ülkü-Megali İdea", Ankara Üniversitesi Türk İnkılâp Tarihi Enstitüsü Atatürk Yolu Dergisi, S. 46, Güz 2010, s. 401-424.
Kitromilides, Paschalis M. "On the intellectual content of Greek nationalism: Paparrigopoulos, Byzantium and the Great Idea", Byzantium and the Modern Greek Identity, ed. David Ricks and Paul Magdalino, London, Centre for Hellenic Studies, King's College, 1998, pp. 25-33.
Kofos, Evangelos. "Greece and the Balkans in the '70s and the '80s", Yearbook 1990, Hellenic Foundation for Defense and Foreign Policy, Athens, 1991, pp. 217-220.
Koliopoulos, John S. and Thanos M. Veremis. Greece the Modern Sequel from 1831 to the Present, Hurst and Company, London, 2002.
Koliopoulos, John S. and Thanos M. Veremis. Modern Greece A History Since 1821, Wiley-Blackwell, London, 2010
Kondopoulou Margarita. "The Greek media and the Kosovo Crisis", Conflict and Communication online, Vol. 1, No. 2, 2002, pp. 1-11, http:// www.cco.regener-online.de/, Access date: 13.09.2013.
?????, ????????. "???????? ????????? ????????: ??????? ?????? ????", ????. ???????????? ??????????????-???????? ?????, 30 ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? 1974-2004, ????????? ????? ??????, ?????, 2005, pp. 47-56.
Kourvetaris, George A. "The 1967 Military Coup and the Role of the Military in Greek Politics", Studies on Modern Greek Society and Politics, ed. George A. Kourvetaris New York, Columbia University Press, 1999, pp. 129-151.
??????????????, ????????. "???????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???" ????????? ??????? ???? ???????????? ?? ????????? ??????, ????. ???????? ??????????????-???????? ?????????, ? ?????????? ???? 21? ?????, ?????????, ?????, 2000, pp. 95-136.
??????????????, ????????. "???????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????", ????. ?????????? ????????, ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????????, ???. 1, ???????, ?????, 2003, pp. 137-187.
Larabee, Stephen F. and Ian O. Lesser. Turkish Foreign Policy in an Age of Uncertainty, RAND, Santa Monica, 2003.
Larabee, Stephen F. "Greece's Balkan Policy in a New Strategic Era", Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2005.
Legg, Keith R. and John M. Robets. Modern Greece A Civilization on the Periphery, Westview Press, Oxford, 1997.
Lialiouti, Zinovia. "Greek anti-Americanism and the war in Kosovo", National Identities, Vol. 13, No. 2, Haziran 2011, pp. 127-156.
Marantzidis, Nikos and Giorgos Antoniou. "The Axis Occupation and Civil War: Changing Trends in Greek Historiography, 1942-2002", Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 41, No. 2, March 2004, pp. 223-231.
Michas, Tachis. Unholly Alliance, Texas, Texas A&M University Press, 2002.
Michalopoulos, Constantine. "The Western Balkans in world trade: Some implications for Greece", Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2, May 2002, pp. 101-128.
Moustakis, Fotios. The Greek-Turkish Relationship and NATO, Frank Cass, London, 2003.
???????????, ????????????. ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? 1974-1981, ????????????, ?????, 1987.
???????????, ????????????. ? ???????? ????????? ???????? 1900-1945, 3? ???., ????? 1, ?????, ?????, 1997.
????????, ????. ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ? ?????? ????, ????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?????? (1830-1880), ????????, ?????, 1988. Stavrakakis, Yannis. "Religion and Populism: Reflections on the 'politicised' discourse of the Greek Church", Discussion Paper No. 7, The Hellenic Observatory, London School of Economics and Political Science, 2002, pp. 1-60.
Stone, David R. "The Balkan Pact and American Policy", East European Quarterly, Vol. 18, No. 3, September 1994, pp. 393-405.
Tsakonas, Panayotis J. The Incomplete Breakthrough in Greek-Turkish Relations Grasping Greece's Socialization Strategy, Palgrave MacMillan, London, 2010.
Tsakonas, Panayotis J. "Theory and Practice in Greek Foreign Policy," Journal of Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, Vol. 5, No. 3, September 2005, pp. 427-437.
Tsardanidis, Charalambos and Stelios Stavridis. "The Europeanization of Greece's Foreign Policy: A Critical Appraisal," Journal of European Integration, Vol. 27, No. 2, Haziran 2005, pp. 217-239.
Tsoukalis, Loukas. "Conclusion: beyond the Greek Paradox", The Greek Paradox: Promise vs. Performance, ed. G. Allison and K. Nicolaides, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1997, pp. 163-174.
Tsoukalis, Loukas. "Is Greece an awkward partner?", ed. Kevin Featherstone-Kostas Ifantis, Greece in a Changing Europe, Manchester University Press, New York, 1996, pp. 24-29.
Tziampiris, Aristotle. Greece, European Political Cooperation and the Macedonian Question, Ashgate Press, Aldershot, 2000.
??????????, ???????????. "???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????? 1991-2002: ??? ??? ????????? ??? ??????????", ????. ?????????? ?. ????????, ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????????, ???. 2, ???????, ?????, 2003, pp. 465-488.
Veremis, Thanos. The Military in Greek Politics from Independence to Democracy, New York, Black Rose Books, 1997.
Xydis, Stephen G. "Coups and Countercoups in Greece, 1967-1973", Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 89, No. 3, Güz 1974, pp. 507-538.
Zahariadis, Nikolaos. "Greek Policy Toward the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, 1991-1995", Journal of Modern Greek Studies, Vol. 14., No. 2, 1996, pp. 303-327.