Akın KIRBAŞ, Mustafa Sinan AKTAŞ, Seçkin ÖZKANLAR, Yunusemre ÖZKANLAR

Bir köpekte şiddetli burun kanaması ile seyreden varfarin toksikasyonu

Bu olguda bir köpekte şiddetli burun kanaması ile seyreden varfarin toksikasyonunun bildirilmesi amaçlandı. Olgu materyalini burun kanaması şikayeti ve fare zehiri yeme anamnezi ile kliniğe getirilen 10 aylık erkek melez Alman Çoban ırkı bir köpek oluşturdu. Fiziksel muayenede, konjuktivalarda hiperemi, diş etlerinde ve dudak mukozalarında peteşiyal ve ekimotik kanamalar, şiddetli burun kanaması ve solunum güçlüğü bulguları tespit edildi. Koagülasyon parametrelerinden pıhtılaşma sürelerinde şiddetli uzama ve pıhtılaşma faktörlerinde azalma belirlendi. Hematolojik ve biyokimyasal analizler-de, nötrofili, trombositopeni, hiperfibrinojenemi ve karaciğer enzim aktivitelerinde artış tespit edildi. Tedavi amacıyla, 2.5 mg/kg dozda vitamin K1 enjeksiyonuna başlandı. Tedavinin 3. gününde, burun kanamasının tamamen durmaması nedeniyle tam kan transfüzyonu yapıldı. İki hafta sonra köpeğin yapılan fiziksel muayenesinde, klinik bulguların ve fiziksel aktivitenin normal olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, varfarin toksikasyonu meydana gelen köpekte şiddetli burun kanaması, mukoza-larda peteşiyal ve ekimotik alanlar, trombositopeni, pıhtılaşma sürelerinde uzama ve pıhtılaşma faktörlerinde azalma dikkati çekti. Ayrıca, vitamin K1 uygulamasına ilave olarak tam kan transfüzyonunun tedavide önemli iyileşme sağladığı belirlendi.

Warfarin toxication accompanied by severe epistaxis in a dog

In this case, warfarin toxication manifested by severe epistaxis was reported in a dog. The material of the case was a 10-month-old German Shepherd-mixed breed dog referred to the clinic with complaints of epistaxis and the anamnesis of eating mice poison. In physical examination, the findings obtained were hyperemia in conjunctiva, petechia and ecchymosis in gingival and buccal mucosa, severe epistaxis and dyspnea. Of the coagulation parameters, marked prolongations in coagulation times and decreases in coagulation factors were detected. In haematologic and biochemical analyses, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia, hyperfibrinogenemia, and increased activites of liver enzymes were observed. For the initial treatment, 2.5mg/kg dose of vitamin K1 was administered. On the 3rd day of the treatment, a total blood transfusion was given because of epistaxis existing to some extent. After two weeks, clinical findings and physical activities of animal were quite normal. As a result, severe epistaxis, mucosal petechia and ecchymosis, prolongations of coagulation times and decreases in coagulation factors were noticed in dog suffered from warfarin toxication. Additionally, total blood transfusion as an adjunct to the vitamin K1 administration provided a considerable improvement in the treatment.

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