Eski ahit metinlerinde J. Calvin'in faiz yorumu

J.Calvin, Tesniye metinlerinin yeni ekonomik gerçeklere kesinlikle uygulanamayacağını anlamış ve mal olarak alınan veya tüketim için kullanılan borçlanma ile üretim için alınan borçlar arasında çok önemli bir ayrım yapmıştır. Bunlardan ilki, borçlunun geçimi için yardım maksatlı olduğu ve verimsiz şeylere harcandığı için, tazmini için alacaklıya yetki vermiyordu. Zira fakir insanlar kendi özel tüketimi için borç para almaktaydılar. İş borçları olarak adlandırılan ikinci borçlanma halinde ise, borçlu kendi işine katarak bundan bir kazanç sağlayabilmekte olduğundan, bunu tazmin etmesine veya ödülünü vermesine izin verilebilirdi. Calvin, Eski ve Yeni Ahit metinlerinin faiz karşılığı borçlanma ile gerçekten yalnızca ilk şekliyle ilgilenmiş olduğuna dikkatleri çekmesinde tamamıyla haklıydı. Bu nedenle Calvin, fakir insanlardan alınan faizi kınayan önceki hukukçuların kullandığı Eski ve Yeni Ahit metinlerini tamamıyla ve açıkça bir kenara iterek geçersiz saymamıştır.

J.Calvin's interest interpretection in old testament texts

J. Calvin realized very quickly that Deuteronomic texts could not be applied to certain new economic realities. He made an important distinction between the loan in kind or for consumption on the one hand, and the loan for production on the other. The former, being only a loan of assistance and unproductive for the debtor, warrants no compensation. Because the poor man takes the loan for his private consumption. In the case of the latter, also called the business loan, the debtor could make a profit, when he adds his own work, so it is permissible to recompense him. Calvin was right to notice that the Old and New Testament texts that deal with loans at interest really concern the former. For this reason Calvin did not purely and simply set aside the Biblical texts used by previous canonists who condemned the practice taking interest from the poor man.

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