Kentsel Çevresel Estetik ve Kimlik: Masouleh Örneği, İran

Kent, çevre estetiği ve mekân kimliği, özellikle son yıllarda tasarım ve planlama gündemindedir. Rekabete dayalı kentleşme, tüm dünyada kimlik ve estetik kaybına sebep olmaktadır. Geleneksel yapı yöntemlerinin kullanımının azalması ve geliştiriciler, yetkililer ve hatta kent yöneticileri tarafından yerel bağlam dikkate alınmadan yapılan planlar tüm kentlerin birbirine benzemesine yol açmaktadır. Kentlerin gitgide birbirine benzemeye başlamasıyla, şekli, formu, dokusu ve özellikle kimlik ve estetiği, günümüzde önem kazanmıştır. Estetik ve kentsel kimlik kavramlarının tanımlanması zor olmasına rağmen, onları değerlendirmek için bazı parametreler bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın iki temel amacı bulunmaktadır. Birincisi, estetik ve kentsel kimliği değerlendirmek için parametrelerin belirlenmesidir. İkincisi ise, bu parametreleri, tarihî ve turistik yerleşim üzerinden denetlemektir. Bu amaçla estetik ve göstermekân kimliği kavramları, literatür araştırması kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada İran’ın Masouleh kenti, tarihî ve turistik yerleşime örnek olarak seçilmiştir. Tarihî yerleşimin sistematik gelişimi ile peyzaj, çevresel uyum ve dokusundaki kimlik ve estetik, araştırma kapsamında ortaya koyulan parametreler üzerinden betimsel-analitik yaklaşım metodolojisi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bu araştırma bulguları, tarihî yerleşim alanlarının estetiği ve kimliğini ortaya koymaya yönelik bilgilerdir. Bu bilgilerin bilimsel çalışmalara dâhil edilmesinin gelecekte daha estetik yerleşimlerin tasarlanmasına yardımcı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Urban Environmental Aesthetic and Identity: The Case of Masouleh, Iran

Urban environmental aesthetics and place identity have begun to take their place on the design and planning agenda, especially in recent years. Urbanization resulting from competition between cities has caused the loss of identity and aesthetics in cities all over the world. The decreasing use of traditional building methods and planning, without consideration of the local context, by developers, authorities, and even administrators of cities has led cities to resemble each other. In light of these developments, the shape, form, texture, and especially identity and aesthetics of settlements become important in planning and urban design. While the concepts of aesthetics and urban identity are difficult to define, there are some parameters to evaluate them. This paper has two main objectives. The first is to determine parameters to evaluate aesthetics and urban identity. The second is to check these parameters over historical and touristic settlements. For this purpose, the concepts of aesthetics and spatial identity will be explained within the scope of the literature. The city of Masouleh in Iran has been chosen as an example of a historical and touristic settlement. The systematic development of the historical settlement, as well as the landscape, identity, and aesthetics of the environment’s harmony and texture, were evaluated with a descriptive-analytical approach methodology based on the parameters revealed in the scope of the research. The findings aim to reveal the aesthetics and identity of historical residential areas. Including this information in scientific studies will lead to the design of more aesthetic settlements in the future.

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