Yanmanın Kemikler Üzerindeki Etkisine Deneysel Bir Yaklaşım: Beycesultan Tunç Çağı İskeletleri

Geç Tunç Beycesultan yerleşiminin 5b tabakasında açığa çıkartılan 11 no'lu mekan içinde dokuz bireye ait yanmış insan kalıntıları şekilde ele geçmiştir. Bazı kafatasları içinde kömürleşmiş beyin parçaları bulunan bireylerin hangi koşullarda yanmış olduklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla, taze ve kuru kemikler farklı şartlar altında yakılmıştır. Yeni kesilmiş kuzu/keçi kafaları yine farklı şartlarda yakılarak beyin dokusunun korunma durumu gözlenmiştir. Deneysel yakmalar, beyin dokusunun çeşitli yanma koşullarında korunabildiğini göstermiştir. Kemiklerdeki morfolojik değişimler söz konusu olduğunda, Beycesultan örneklerinin, toprak içine gömülen ve üzerinde yanan ateşin ısısı ile yanan kemiklere benzerlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Bu durumda Mekan 11 içinde bulunan bireylerin doğrudan ateşe maruz kalmadıkları, alevli yanma geçtikten sonra üzerlerine yıkılan hatılların sıcaklıklarının etkisi ile yanmış oldukları sonucuna varılmıştır

[AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TO THE EFECTS OF BURNING ON BONE: BRONZE AGE SKELETONS FROM BEYCESULTAN/TURKEY]

Burned human remains of nine individuals were unearthed within a burned space (Space 11) in the Late Bronze Age layers of Beycesultan. With the aim of determining the conditions under which these people were burned, a series of experimental burning of green bones and dry bones were carried out in varying conditions. In addition, newly butchered lamb/goat heads were burned in order to mimic the archaeological carbonized brain tissue which was found within some of the crania. These series of experimental burnings show that brain tissue could carbonize in different burning conditions despite of its fragility. The bones that were burnt during this experiment on the other hand, indicate that the people of Space 11 were burned through smouldering after the initial flaming of the timbers

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