ARKAİK TİCARİ AMPHORALAR IŞIĞINDA PHOKAİAʼNIN TİCARİ İLİŞKİLERİ

12 İon kentinden biri olan Phokaia’da ilk kazılar 1913 yılında F. Sartioux tarafından tapılmıştır. Daha sonraki kazılar E. Akurgal tarafından aralıklarla 1950-1970 yılalrı arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üçüncü dönem kazıları 1989 yılında Ö. Özyiğit başkanlığından başlamış ve halen devam etmektedir. Bu maka- lede, 1989-2017 yılları arasında Phokaia’da bulunan Arkaik Dönem ticari amphoralar ışığında, kentin ticari ilişkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Phokaia MÖ 630 yıllarında Khios, Klazomenai, Samos ve Lesbos ile ticarete başlamıştır. Devam eden yıllarda Etrüsk ve Miletos ile ilişkiler başlamış ve bu ilişkiler Arkaik Dönem sonuna kadar devam etmiştir. Phokaia’da bulunan amphoralar arasında Lesbos %31’lik oran ile ilk sırada yer alır. Ardından Khios (%26), Klazomenai (%22), Samos (%11), Miletos (%5) ve Etrüsk (%2) gelir. SOS amhorası sadece bir örnek ile temsil edilir.

Commercial Relationships of Phocaea in the Light of Archaic Trade Amphorae

The first excavations in Phocaea, one of the 12 Ionian cities, were carried out by F. Sartiaux in 1913.Subsequent excavations were conducted by E. Akurgal at intervals between 1950 and 1970. The third pe-riod of excavations was begun by Ö. Özyigit in 1989 and is ongoing. This study evaluated the commercialrelationship of Phocaea in the light of trade amphorae dating from the Archaic Period found in Phocaeabetween 1989 and 2017. Phocaea began trading with Chios, Clazomenae, Samos and Lesbos around 630BC. In the following years, commercial relations were entered into with the Etruscans and Miletus andthese mercantile activities continued up to the end of the Archaic Period. A maximum of 31% of the am-phorae found in Phocaea were from Lesbos, followed by 26% from Chios, 22% from Clazomenae, 11%from Samos, 5% from Miletus and 2% of Etruscan origin. The SOS amphorae were represented by onlyone specimen.

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