Spatial Development and ITT Policies as Cohesion Means in the EU and Turkey

Zamanla politik, coğrafik, ekonomik ve sosyal boyutlarıyla giderek daha kompleks bir birlik haline gelen AB, yeni üyelerin kabulüyle birlikte artan yeni bir mekansal sosyoekonomik kısıtlamalar dilemmasıyla yüz yüze kaldı. Gelirin mekansal dağılımındaki farklılıkların, yoksul bölgelerden göreceli daha zengin bölgelere istenmeyen yeni göçlere yol açabilme ve ekonomik aktivitelerin yer seçimlerini etkileyebilme potansiyeli nedeniyle, bölgesel gelir farklılıkları bütünleşme ve uyumlaşma süreçlerinin başarıya ulaşmasını kısıtlayan bir engel olarak algılandı. Çünkü sonuçta bu faktörler, AB üyesi ülke ve bölgeleri arasında tansiyon ve çelişkiler yaratarak birliğin politik varlığını da tehdit edebilirlerdi. AB, mekansal gelişme ve BİT politikalarının sosyoekonomik bütünleşmesini sağlamak ve küresel ekonomide rekabet edebilme kapasitesini etkili bir şekilde artırmak için kentsel ve bölgesel gelişme çabalarının hayati bir parçası olarak görmektedir. Bu makalede, AB ve Türkiye'nin kentsel ve bölgesel kalkınmadaki mekansal gelişme ve BİT politikaları karşılaştırılmaktadır.

AB ve Türkiye'de Bütünleşmenin Bir Aracı Olarak Mekansal Gelişme ve BİT Politikaları

As the EU has gradually evolved into a politically, geographically, economically and socially more complex unity, it has increasingly faced with the dilemma of spatial socioeconomic constraints produced by the added new member states. Regional differences in socioeconomic development was perceived as a barrier to further cohesion and integration processes, for spatial variation in income could result in undesirable population movements from the poor to rich regions and relocation of economic activities that in turn might thread to political viability of the EU through political tensions between regions. Hence, the union has viewed the development of spatial and ITT policies as a vital component of its urban and regional development efforts in order to effectively achieve the socioeconomic cohesion and capability to compete in an increasingly global market. Contrary to the EU, Turkey has long neglected to develop a region-based national policy with specific goals and objectives in the area of spatial development and ITT. This paper compares EU and Turkey's spatial development and ITT policies in urban and regional development.

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