Zayıf Okuyucuların Okuduğunu Anlama Becerilerinin Geliştirilmesinde Ana Fikir Belirleme Becerisinin Öğretimi

Öz Bu çalışmada, okuduğunu anlama becerilerinin gelişimi için ana fikir belirleme becerisi ile ilgili verilen doğrudan öğretimin okuduğunu anlamada güçlük çeken üç dördüncü sınıf öğrencisi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, yoklama evreli denekler arası çoklu yoklama deseni kullanılmış ve elde edilen veriler grafiksel analiz yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların öğretim oturumlarında ve toplu yoklamalarda okuduğunu anlama performansı öyküleyici metinlerden oluşan kısa cevaplı sorular aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Ana fikir ve ayrıntı belirleme becerilerinin kalıcılığı ise öğretim uygulaması sonunda üçüncü ve beşinci haftalarda incelenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada, uygulanan programın etkilerinin niteliksel boyutlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla sosyal geçerlik verilerine yer verilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, ana fikir belirleme becerisi üzerine yapılan öğretimin ana fikir ve ayrıntıları belirleme becerilerini öğrenme ve öğrenilen becerilerin kalıcılığını sürdürme konusunda her üç katılımcıya katkı sağladığını ve başlama düzeyi evresine kıyasla daha yüksek düzeyde bir okuduğunu anlama performansı elde edildiğini göstermiştir. Tüm sonuçlar, okuduğunu anlama becerilerinin geliştirilmesinde doğrudan öğretim modeli kullanılarak yapılan ana fikir belirleme becerisi öğretiminin katılımcı öğrenciler için etkili bir yöntem olduğunu göstermiştir.

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