Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta sık dikim sisteminde yetiştirilen ‘Picual’ ve ‘Koroneiki’ zeytin çeşitlerinin meyve ve yağ verim ve kaliteleri

Bu çalışmanın amacı Kuzey Kıbrıs'ta sık dikim sisteminde yetiştirilen “Picual” ve “Koroneiki” çeşitlerinin zeytin ve yağ verimi ve kalitesini belirlemektir. Araştırma, Kuzey Kıbrıs'ın batısındaki Güzelyurt şehrinde, 2013'ten (2'nci büyüme yılı) 2017'ye (6’ıncı büyüme yılı) kadar devam eden 5 ardışık ürün yılı boyunca gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her iki çeşit de 4 x 2 m dikim mesafesinde, toplam 1250 ağaç ha-1'a eşit olacak şekilde dikilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, “Koroneiki” çeşidinin “Picual” çeşidinden daha erkenci olduğunu ve ekimden 2 yıl sonra meyve vermeye başladığını göstermiştir. Anca, ‘Koroneiki’ye göre daha geç verime yatan ‘Picual’ çeşidi, 5 yıl sonundaki kümülatif verimler incelendiği zaman ‘Koroneiki’yi yakaladığı görülmüştür. Sonuçlar doğrultusunda ‘Koroneiki’nin yağ veriminin (yaş meyve ağırlığının %'si) % 21.02'den % 22.67'ye; ‘Picual’ın yağ veriminin ise % 18.47'den % 20.13'e kadar değiştiği belirlenmiştir. ‘Picual’ çeşidinin ‘Koroneiki’ daha düşük bir yağ verimi (yaş meyve ağırlığının %'si) olmasına karşın, ağaç başına yağ veriminin (kg) daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Yield and oil quality of ‘Picual’ and ‘Koroneiki’ olive cultivars under high density planting system in Northern Cyprus

This study aimed to determine olive and oil yield and quality of ‘Picual’ and ‘Koroneiki’ cultivars grown in high density planting systems in Northern Cyprus. The research was conducted in the city of Güzelyurt located in the western part of Northern Cyprus during 5 consecutive crop years from 2013 (2nd growing year) to 2017 (6th growing year). Planting distance of the two cultivars was adjusted as 4 x 2 m, equalling to 1250 trees ha-1. Results showed that ‘Koroneiki’ is more promising than ‘Picual’ and it starts fruit bearing 2 years after planting. The ‘Picual’ cultivar was found to be late in fruit bearing, but its yield was noted to be significantly higher than the ‘Koroneiki’, where the cumulative yield of ‘Picual’ reached ‘Koroneiki’ in two years. Oil yield (% of fruit weight) of ‘Koroneiki’ was found to be varied from 21.02 % to 22.67 % and of ‘Picual’ from 18.47 % to 20.13 %. ‘Picual’ cultivar with less oil yield (% of fruit weight) than ‘Koroneiki’ noted to have higher oil per tree (kg).

Keywords:

Olive tree performance, Cumulative olive yield, Fruit weight, Free fatty acidity Peroxide value,

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