1913

Interactions between Beet necrotic yellow vein virus and Beet soilborne virus in different sugar Beet cultivars

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin iç ve kuzey bölgelerinde seker pancarı tarlalarında 2005 yılında yapılan sürvey çalışmaları ile aviruliferous (virüs taşımayan) Polymyxa betae, Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) ve Beet soilborne virus (BSBV)’ü içeren P. betae ile doğal olarak bulaşık ve bu etmenler ile bulaşık olmayan topraklar elde edilmiştir. Rhizomania hastalığına (BNYVV tarafından sebep olunan) kısmi dayanıklı (cv. Leila) ve hassas (cv. Arosa) seker pancarı çeşitleri kullanılarak, tek ya da karışık enfeksiyona sahip bu topraklar, bulaşık olmayanlar ile virüs içerikleri ve yaş bitki ağırlıkları yönünden karşılaştırılmıştır. Bir ya da her iki virüsü birden taşıyan P. betae ile enfekteli topraklardaki fidelerin yaş bitki ağırlıklarının önemli derecede sınırlandığı ve virüs içermeyen P. betae ile bulaşık topraklarda ise şeker pancarı gelişiminin önemli ölçüde azaldığı görülmüştür. Rhizomania’ya kısmi dayanıklı olan çeşit, kontrollü şartlar altında tek enfeksiyonda BSBV’ye dayanıklılık göstermemiştir. Bununla birlikte, bu çeşitte karışık enfeksiyonlarda BSBV’nin ELISA değeri negatif olmuştur. Rhizomania’ya hassas çeşitte ise tek BNYVV enfeksiyonu ile karışık enfeksiyon kıyaslandığında, BNYVV’nin ELISA absorbans değerinin karışık enfeksiyonda BNYVV’nin tekli enfeksiyonuna göre daha düsük olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Farklı şeker pancarı çeşitlerinde Beet necrotic yellow vein virus ve Beet soilborne virus arasındaki ilişkiler

In the present study, non-infested soil, naturally infested soils of aviruliferous Polymyxa betae and viruliferous P. betae carrying Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and Beet soilborne virus (BSBV) were obtained from sugar beet fields during surveys in central and northern parts of Turkey in 2005. These soils, alone and in combination were compared to non-infested soil for their effects on plant fresh weight and virus content by using partially resistant (cv. Leila) and susceptible (cv. Arosa) varieties to the rhizomania disease (caused by BNYVV). Soils infested with P. betae, carrying one and both viruses, showed significantly reduced fresh weight of seedlings, and aviruliferous P. betae significantly decreased sugar beet growth. Partially resistant cultivar to rhizomania did not show resistance to BSBV in single infection under controlled room conditions. However, ELISA result for BSBV in mixed infection was negative in the partially resistant cultivar to rhizomania. Also, the ELISA absorbance value of BNYVV in the susceptible cultivar to rhizomania was found to be lower in mixed infection than in single infection.

PDF

___

Abe, H., Tamada, T., 1986. Ascociation of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus with isolates of Polymyxa betae Keskin. Annls. Phytopath. Soc. Jap., 52: 235-247.
Asher M. J. C., Thompson, K., 1987. Rhizomania in Europe. British Sugar Beet Review, 55: 24-28.
Arif, M., Torrance, L., Reavy, B., 1994. Improved efficiency of detection of potato mop-top furovirus in potato tubers and in the roots and leaves of soil-bait plants. Potato Res., 37: 373-381.
Bongiovanni, G. C., Lanzoni, L., 1964. La rizomania della bietola. Progresso Agricola, 10: 209-221.
Brunt, S. J., Adams, M. J. C., Gilligan, C. A., 1991. Infection of sugar beet by Polymyxa betae in relation to soil temperature. Plant Pathol., 40: 257-267.
Bürcky, K., Büttner, G., 1988. Ansatze zur Selektion rhizomaniatoeranter Zuckerrüben wahrend der Jugendentwicklung. III. BNYVV-Gehalt in Haupt- und Seitenwurzeln. Zuckerind., 113: 497-500.
Clark, M. F., Adams, A. N., 1977. Characteristics of the microplate method of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the detection of plant viruses. J. Gen. Virol., 34: 475-483.
Day, P. R., 1965. Particle fractionation and particle size analysis. p. 545-567 in C.A. Black, ed. Methods of soil analysis. Agronomy No:9, Part I ASA., Madison WI.
Gerik, J. S., Duffus, J. E., 1988. Differences in vectoring ability and aggressiveness of isolates of Polymyxa betae. Phytopathol., 78: 1340-1343.
Heijbroek, W., Musters, P. M. S., Schoone, A. H. L., 1999. Variation in pathogenicity and multiplication of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) in relation to the resistance of sugar-beet cultivars. Eur. J. Plant Pathol., 105: 397-405.
Kacar, B., 1994. Chemical Analysis of Plant and Soil III. Soil Analysis,.Ankara Univ. Fac. of Agric. No:3 Ankara, Turkey.
Koenig, R., Stein, B., 1990. Distribution of beet necrotic yellow vein virus in mechanically inoculated sugarbeet plantlets of cultivars with different degrees of rhizomania resistance. Schriftenr. Dtsch. Phytomed. Ges., 1: 79-82.
Koenig, R., Pleij, C. W. A., Büttner, G., 2000. Structure and variability of the 30 end of RNA 3 of beet soil-borne pomovirus – a virus with uncertain pathogenic effects. Arch. Virol., 145: 1173-1181.
Kutluk Yilmaz, N. D., Saracoglu, S., Sevik, M. A., Sokmen, M., 2005. A survey on the incidences of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), Beet soilborne virus (BSBV) and their vector, Polymyxa betae Keskin in sugar beet fields in northern and central parts of Turkey. In: Rush, C. M. (ed.) Proc. 6th Symp. Int. Work. Group Plant Viruses Fungal Vectors, Bologna, Italy, 141-145.
Lewellen, R. T., Skoyen, I. O., Erichsen, A. V., 1987. Breeding sugar beet for resistance to rhizomania: evalation of host-plant reactions and selection for and inheritance of resistance. Proceedings 50th Winter Congress IIRB, Brussels, 97-110.
Mahmood, T., Rush, C. M., 1999. Evidence of crossprotection between Beet soilborne mosaic virus and Beet necrotic yellow vein virus in sugar beet. Plant Dis., 83: 521-526.
Meunier, A., Schmit, J. F., Stas, A., Kutluk, N., Bragard, C., 2003. Multiplex reverse transcription for simultaneous detection of Beet ecrotic Yellow Vein Virus, Beet Soilborne Virus, and Beet Virus Q and their vector Polymyxa betae KESKIN on sugar beet. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 69 (4): 2356-2360.
Mouhanna, A. M., Nasrallah, A., Langen, G., Sclösser, E., 2002. Surveys for Beet ecrotic Yellow Vein Virus (the Cause of Rhizomania), other viruses, and Soil-borne Fungi Infecting Sugar Beet in Syria. J. Phytopathol., 150: 11-12.
Özgör, O. E., 2003. Sugar beet diseases in Turkey. Turkish Sugar Factories Inc., Sugar Institute, Department of Phytopathology, No: 219, Etimesgut, Ankara. Prillwitz, H., Schlösser, E., 1992. Beet soil-borne virus: occurrence, symptoms and effect on plant development. Med. Fac. Landbouw. Univ. Gent., 57/2a: 295-302.
Prillwitz, H., Schlösser, E., 1993. Temperature requirements of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and beet soil-borne virus (BSBV-2). Z. Pfl. Krankh. Pf.l schutz., 6: 665-669.
Prillwitz, H., 1993. Untersuchungen zur Rizomania an Zuckerrüben, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Beet Soil-borne Virus (BSBV). PhD Thesis, University of Giesen, Germany.
Rush, C. M., 2003. Ecology and Epidemiology of Benyviruses and Plasmodiophorid Vectors. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol., 41: 567-592.
Sayama, M., Sugimoto, T., Homma, Y., 1991. Comparasion of virus content by ELISA between moderately resistant and susceptible lines and cultivars of sugar beet to rhizomania. Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Jpn., 57: 41-44.
Scholten, O. E., Paul, H., Peters, D., Van Lent, J. W. M, Goldbach, R. W., 1994. In situ localisation of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) in rootlets of susceptible and resistant beet plants. Arch. Virol., 136: 349–361.
Scholten, O. E., Jansen, R. C., Keizer, L. C. P., De Bock, T. S. M., Lange, D. W., 1996. Major genes for resistance to beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) in Beta vulgaris. Euphytica, 91: 331-339.
Soil Survey Staff, 1993. Soil Survey Manuel. USDA Handbook No:18, Washington.
Tamada, T., Saito, M., Kiguchi, T., Kusume, T., 1990. Effect of isolates of beet necrotic yellow vein virus with different RNA components on the development of rhizomania symptoms. Proc. 1st Symp. Int. Work. Group Plant Viruses Fungal Vectors (August 21-24 1990), Braunschweig, Germany, Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Phytomedizinischen Gesellschaft, Band 1: 41-44.
Tamada, T., 1999. Benyviruses: In: Webster R. G., Granoff A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Virology. 2nd edn. Academic, London, 154-160.
Tuitert, G., Hofmeester, Y., 1992. Epidemiology of beet necrotic yellow vein virus in sugar beet at different initial inoculum levels in the presence or absence of irrigation: Dynamics of inoculum. Neth. J. Pl. Path., 98: 343-360.
Turina, M., Resca, R., Rubies-Autonell, C., 1996. Surveys of soilborne virus diseases of sugar beet in Italy. In: Sherwood, L. and C. M. Rush (eds.), Proc. 3rd Symp. Int. Work. Group Plant Viruses Fungal Vectors, Denver, Colo, 121-124.
US Salinity Lab. Staff, 1954. Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils. Agricultural Handbook, No: 64, USDA. Vardar, B., Erkan, S., 1992. The first studies on the detection of beet necrotic yellow vein virus in sugar beet in Turkey. J. Turk. Phytopath., 21 (2-3): 71-79.
Whitney, E. D., 1989. Identification, distribution, and testing for resistance to rhizomania in Beta maritima. Plant Dis., 73: 287-290.
Whitney, E. D., Duffus, E., 1998. Compendium of Beet Diseases and Insects, 3rd ed. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Wisler, G. C., Lewellen, R. T., Sears, J. L., Liu, H. Y., Duffus, J. E., 1999. Specificity of TAS-ELISA for beet necrotic yellow vein virus and its application for determining rhizomania resistance in field-grown sugar beets. Plant Dis., 83: 864-870.
Wisler, G. C., Lewellen, R. T., Sears, J. L., Wasson, J. W., Liu, H. Y., Wintermantel, W. M., 2003. Interactions between Beet necrotic yellow vein virus and Beet soilborne mosaic virus in sugar beet. Plant Dis., 87: 1170-1175.