Fasulye üretim alanlarında hastalığa neden olan Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli ve Pseudomonas savastonoi pv. phaseolicola’nın izolasyonu ve tanılanması

2013-2014 yıllarında, Samsun ili fasulye üretim alanlarında adi yanıklığa neden olan Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) ve hale yanıklığına neden olan Pseudomonas savastonoi pv. phaseolicola (Psp)’nin belirlenmesi için surveyler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen tek ve saf kolonilerle yapılan biyokimyasal, patojenisite, moleküler ve 16S rDNA sekanslama çalışmaları sonucunda 8 Xap ve 5 Psp izolatı tanılanmıştır. Xap ve Psp izolatları filogenetik ağaç analizinde tip kültürleri ile birlikte yer almıştır. Göynük 98 fasulye çeşidi in vitro patojenisite denemelerinde en hassas çeşit olarak belirlenmiştir ve virülens denemesi için kullanılmıştır. Yapılan bu çalışmada, Türkiye taze fasulye üretiminin % 20’sinin gerçekleştiği Samsun ilinde her iki hastalık etmenin varlığı moleküler çalışmalarla ilk kez ortaya konmuştur.

Isolation and identification of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli and Pseudomonas savastonoi pv. phaseolicola causing disease in common bean producing areas

In 2013-2014, surveys were conducted in order to investigate the presence of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) (common blight) and Pseudomonas savastonoi pv. phaseolicola (Psp) (halo blight) in common bean producing areas of Samsun province. Eight Xap and 5 Psp isolates were identified from single isolated pure colonies of the bacteria by means of biochemical, pathogenicity, molecular and 16S rDNA sequencing studies. Phylogenetic tree analysis demonstrated that the isolates of Xap and Psp obtained were clustered with their type strains. Göynük 98 was the most susceptible cultivar to Xap and Psp isolates among the five common bean cultivars tested in pathogenicity assays and selected for virulence assays. This work proved the presence of both disease agents in Samsun province, which supplies about 20 % of the total fresh bean production in Turkey, with molecular studies for the first time.

Keywords:

Common blight, Halo blight PCR, 16SrDNA,

PDF

___

Abeysinghe, S., 2003.Induction of systemic resistance in bean against Uromyces appendiculatus by different rhizobacteria. 6th Int. PGPR Workshop, 570-573, 5-10 October, Calcut, India.
Agrios, G.N., 1997. Plant pathology. AcademicPress, San Diego. p. 635
Akhavan, A.M., Bahar, H., Askarian, M.R., Lak, A., Nazemi, Z., Zamani, 2013. Bean common bacterial blight: pathogen epiphytic life and effect of irrigation practices. SpringerPlus, 2(1):1.
Allen, D.J., Buruchara, R.A, Smithson. J.B., 1998. Diseases of common bean.The Pathology of Food and Pasture Legumes. CAB International, Wallingford.
Arnold, D.L., Lovell, H.C., Jackson, R.W., Mansfield, J.W., 2011. Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola: from has bean to super model. Molecular plant pathology, 12(7): 617-627.
Bastas, K.K., Sahin, F., 2017. Evaluation of seed borne bacterial pathogens on common bean cultivars grown in central Anatolia region Turkey. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 147(2): 239-253.
Benlioglu, K., Ozakman, M., Onceler, Z., 1994. Bacterial blight of beans in Turkey and resistance to halo blight and common blight. In 9th Congress of the Mediterranean Phytopathological Union, September, p. 18-24.
Bozkurt, I.A., Soylu, S., 2001. Farklı fasulye çeşitlerinin fasulye hale yanıklığı etmeni P.s. pv. phaseolicola ırklarına karşı gösterdiği reaksiyonların belirlenmesi. Türkiye IX. Fitopatoloji Kongresi, 3– 8 Eylul, Tekirdağ, 506–514.
Bozkurt, I.A., 2009. The control possibilities against bean common blıght (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) with antogonistic bacteria. PhD. Thesis. Ege University, Institute of Natural Science, p153, Izmir.
Coyne, D.P., Schuster, M.L., 1976. Great northern star dry bean tolerant to bacterial disease. Hortscience, 11, 6, 621.
Coyne, D.P., Nuland, D.S., Lindgren, D.T., 1994. Effect of population X. c. pv. phaseoli in bean reproductive tissues on seed ınfection of resistant and susceptible bean genotypes. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 103(2): 175–181.
Dye, D.W., 1968. A taxonomic study of the genus Erwinia I. The amylovora group, NZJ Sci., 11: 590-607.
Demir, G., Gündogdu, M., 1994. Bacterial diseases of food legumes in Aegean region of Turkey and effectivity of some seed treatments against bean halo blight. Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, 23(2): 57-66.
Donmez, M.F., Sahin, F., Elkoca, E., 2013. Identification of bean genotypes from Turkey resistance to common bacterial blight and halo blight diseases. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Hortorum Cultus.12(4):139-151.
Dursun, A., Dönmez, M.F., Şahin, F., 2002. Identification of resistance to common bacterial blight disease on bean genotypes grown in Turkey. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 108: 811- 813.
Ertugrul, D., Güven., K., 1998. Serological Properties of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola Isolates Collected From Eskisehir. Turkish Journal of Biology, 22(2): 189-196.
FAO. 2014. URL: http://www.fao.org/[accession date: 01.11.2015].
Felsenstein, J., 1985. Confidence limits on phylogeny: an appropriate use of the bootstrap. Evolution, 39:783-791.
Fourie, D., 2002. Distribution and severity of bacterial diseaseson drybeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in South Africa. Journal of Phytopathology, 150: 220–226.
Gepts, P., 2001. Phaseolus vulgaris (Beans). Encyclopedia of Genetics, 1444-1445.
Gepts, P., Aragão, F.J., De Barros, E., Blair, M.W., Brondani, R., Broughton, W., McClean, P., 2008.
Genomics of Phaseolus beans, a major source of dietary protein and micronutrients in the tropics. In Genomics of tropical crop plants, 113-143.
Gilbertson, R.L., R.E. Rand, D.J. Hagedorn. 1990. “Survival of Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli and pectolytic strains of X. campestris in bean debris.”Plant Disease.74(4):322-327.
Güven, K., Jones, J.B., Momol, M.T., Dickstein, E.R., 2004. Phenotypic and genetic diversity among Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. Journal of phytopathology, 152(11‐12), 658-666.
Hall, R., 1994. Compendium of Bean Diseases St. Paul, Minnesota, USA: The American Phytopathological Society, pp. 25–27.
Jukes, T.H., Cantor, C.R., 1969. Evolution of protein molecules. In Munro H.N (ed.) Mammalian protein metabolism, Acedemic Press, New York. pp. 21-132.
Kahveci, E., Maden, S., 1994. Detection of Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli and Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola by bacteriophages. Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, 23(2):79-85.
Keen, N.T., 1990.Gene-for-gene complementarity in plant-pathogen interactions. Annual review of genetics, 24(1): 447-463.
Klement, Z., Rudolph, K., Sands, D.C., 1990. Methods in phytobacteriology.Akademiai Kiado.
Lak, M.R., Shamsbakhsh, M., Bahar, M., 2002. Identification of the bacterial agent of bean leaf and pod blight in Markazi province.” Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resource, 6(1): 231–243.
Lelliott, R.A., Stead, D.E., 1987. Methods for the diagnosis of bacterial diseases of plants. Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Mohammed, A., 2013. An overview of distribution, biology and the management of common bean anthracnose. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, 4(8):1-6.
Neergaard, P., 1979. Seed Pathology. London. MacMillan Press.
Osdaghi, E., Alizadeh, A., Shams-Bakhsh, M., Lak, M.R., 2010. Evaluation of common bean lines for their reaction to the common bacterial blight pathogen. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 48(3): 461-468.
Popović, T. 2008. Detection of phytopathogenic bacteria on bean seed and cultivar susceptibility. PhD Thesis, Serbia: University of Novi Sad.
Popović, T., Balaž, J., Nikolić, Z., Starović, M., Gavrilović, V., Aleksić, G., ...Živković, S., 2010. Detection and identification of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli on bean seed collected in Serbia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(19), 2730-2736.
Park, S.J., Dhanvantari, B.N., 1987. Transfer of common blight (Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli) resistance from Phaseolus coccineus Lam. to P. vulgaris L. through interspecific hybridization. Canadian journal of plant science, 67(3): 685-695.
Ranalli, P., Parisi, B., 1998. Viral and Bacterial Disease of French Beans. Review of Plant Pathology, 77: p.416.
Reynoso-Camacho, R., Ramos-Gomez, M., Loarca- Pina, G., 2006. 10 Bioactive components in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) InAdvances in Agricultural and Food Biotechnology; Guevara-González, R.,Torres- pacheco, I., Eds.; Research Signpost: Trivandrum, India, pp. 217–236.
Saettler, A.W., 1989. Common Bacterial Blight, in: Bean Production Problems in the Tropics Schwartz H.F., Pastor-Corrales M.A. (eds.), Centro International de Agriculture Tropical, Chapter 11:261–319.
Saettler, A.W., 1991. Diseases caused by bacteria: CBB. In: R. Hall (Ed.) Compendium of beandiseases, APS Press,St. Paul. pp. 29–30.
Schaad, N.W., Cheong, S.S., Tamaki, S., Haziloukas, E., Panopoulos, N.J., 1995. A combined biological and enzymatic amplification (BIO-PCR) technique to detect Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola in bean seed extracts. Phytopathology, 85:243– 248.
Schaad, N.W., Jones, J.B., Chun, W., 2001. Laboratory guide for identification of plant pathogenic bacteria (thirdedition) American Phytopathological society press, USA: St Paul, p. 373.
Schaad, N.W., Berthier‐Schaad, Y., Knorr, D., 2007. A high throughput membrane BIO‐PCR technique for ultra‐sensitive detection of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. Plant pathology, 56(1): 1-8.
Schuster, M.L., 1955. A method for testing resistance of beans to bacterial blights. Phytopathology, 45(9): 519-520.
Schuster, M.L., Coyne, D.P., 1981. Biology, epidemiology, genetics and breeding for resistance to bacterial blight pathogens of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Horticultural Reviews, 3: 28-58.
Schuster, M.L., Coyne, D.P., Behre, T., Leyna, H., 1983. Sources of Phaseolus species resistance and leaf and pod differential reactions to common blight.Hortscience, 18: 90-903.
Schwartz, H.F., Corrales, M.A.P., 1989. Bean production problems in thetropics. CIAT.
Schwartz, H. F., Galvez, E., 1980. Bean production problems: disease, insects oil and climatic constraints of Phaseolus vulgaris. Centro Internacional de AgriculturaTropical (CIAT). Sheppard, J.W., Roth, D.A., Saettler, A.W., 1989.
Detection of Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli in bean. Detection of Bacteria in Seed and Other Planting Material. Minnesota: US: The American Phytopathological Society, 17-29.
Smale, B.C., Worley, J.F., 1956. Evaluation of 2, 3, 5- triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride for obtaining pathogenic types form stock cultures of halo blight and common and common blight organism. PlantDis. Reptr, 40: 628.
Tamura, K., Stecher, G., Peterson, D., Filipski, A., Kumar, S., 2013. MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Molecular biology and evolution, 30(12): 2725-2729.
TUIK,2013.URL:https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bi tkisel.zul [accession date: 01.11.2015].
Webster, D.M., Atkin, J.D., Cross, J.E., 1983.Bacterial Blights of Snap Beans. Plant Disease, 67(9): 935.
Weisburg, W.G., Barns, S.M., Pelletier, D.A., Lane, D.J.M., 1991. 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. Journal of Bacteriology, 173: 697–703.
Wortmann, C.S., Allen, D.J., 1994. African bean production environments: their definition, characteristics and constraints.Network on bean research in Africa, Occasional paper series No.11, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Yu, I.C., Parker, J., Bent, A.F., 1998. Gene-for-gene diseaseresistancewithoutthehypersensitiveresponse in Arabidopsis dnd1 mutant. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95: 7819–7824.