Türkiye'de bir bağımlılık merkezinde tedavi görmekte olan çocuk ve ergenlerde madde ve alkol kullanımındaki eğilim ve cinsiyet farklılıkları: 2011 ile 2014 yıllarının karşılaştırılması

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, İstanbul'da bir bağımlılık merkezine tedavi için başvuran gençlerde, alkol ve madde kulanımı davranışıyla ilgili olarak eğilim ve cinsiyet farklılıklarının değerlendirilmesidir. Yöntem: Katılımcılar madde kullanmakta olup, 2011-2014 yıllarında Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesi'ne başvurmuş 2755 çocuk ve ergendir. Bu amaçla, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Öğrenci Madde Kullanım Anketi eğitimli klinisyenler tarafından doldurulmuştur. Sonuçlar: 2014 yılında madde kullanımı için başvuran gençlerin toplam sayısında artış saptanmıştır (2011'de %31.4, 2014'te %68.6). 2011'den 2014'e kadar çoklu madde kullanımında ve tedavi için başvuran kızlarda anlamlı artış bulunmuştur. 2014 yılında alkol, ekstazi, sentetik kanabinoidler ve eroin kullanımında artma; uçucu, esrar, reçeteli ilaç kullanımında azalma saptanmıştır. 2014 yılında kızlar en çok ekstazi, reçeteli ilaç ve kokain kullanırken; erkeklerin daha çok esrar ve sentetik maddeler kullandığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Yeni ve popüler yasa dışı maddeler ortaya çıktıkça, madde kullanımındaki yeni eğilimlerin yeniden gözden geçirilmesi, önleyici tedbirler ve tedavi stratejilerinin belirlenmesi açısından önemlidir. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2016; 17(4):325-331)

Trends and gender differences in alcohol and substance use among children and adolescents admitted to an addiction treatment center in Turkey: comparison of 2014 with 2011

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the trends and gender differences in alcohol and substance use behaviors in youth admitted to an addiction treatment center in Istanbul. Methods: Participants were 2755 substance using children and adolescents who were treated at the Bakırköy Mental Health and Neurologic Disorders Hospital between 2011 and 2014. The World Health Organization student drug use questionnaire' was completed by trained clinicians. Results: There was an increase in the total number of youths admitted for substance use treatment (31.4% in 2011, 68.6% in 2014). A significant increase found in polysubstance use and in the number of females seeking treatment for substance use from 2011 to 2014. Alcohol, ecstasy, synthetics cannabinoids and heroin usage showed increase whereas inhalants, cannabis, prescribed medicines usage showed decrease in 2014. In 2014 while girls mostly consumed ecstasy, prescribed medicines and cocaine boys mostly used cannabis and synthetics. Conclusions: As new popular illicit drugs emerge in the market in the recent years, it is essential to reexamine the new trends in substance use and to reconsider prevention policies and treatment strategies. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2016; 17(4):325-331)

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