Seher AKBAŞ, Berna AYDIN, CİHAD DÜNDAR, AHMET TURLA

Ensest kurbanı kız çocuklarındaki depresyon ve TSSB ile algılanan sosyal destek ilişkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada ensest kurbanlarında, algılanan sosyal desteğin geldiği kaynak (aile, arkadaş, öğretmen) göz önüne alınarak, ruhsal etkilenme ile algılanan sosyal destek arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Yöntem: Dokuz-on sekiz yaş aralığındaki cinsel istismara uğramış ensest kurbanı kız çocuklar (s=31) ile yaş ve cinsiyet açısından eşleştirilmiş sağlıklı kız çocukları kontrol grubu olarak alınmıştır. Tüm katılımcılar Çocuklar için Depresyon Ölçeği, Çocuklar için Travma Sonrası Stres Tepki Ölçeği ve Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeğinin revize edilmiş formunu doldurmuşlardır. Sonuçlar: Çalışmamızda ensest kurbanlarında algılanan sosyal destek toplam puanları arttıkça, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu (TSSB) ve depresyon belirtilerinin anlamlı olarak azaldığı saptanmıştır. Ensest kurbanlarının ailelerinden algıladıkları sosyal desteğin anlamlı olarak daha düşük olmasına rağmen, ailelerinden algıladıkları sosyal desteğin hem depresyon, hem de TSSB belirtilerini anlamlı olarak azalttığı görülmüştür. Arkadaşlarından algılanan sosyal destek ile ruhsal belirtiler arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmazken, öğretmenlerinden algılanan sosyal desteğin TSSB belirtilerini azalttığı bulunmuştur. Tartışma: Çocukların yaşadığı ensestte, sosyal destek kaynakları ile ruhsal etkilenme arasındaki ilişkiyi daha iyi anlama çabası, koruyucu önlemler ve tedavide yönlendirici olması bakımından önemlidir. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2016; 17(4):300-308).

Relations between depression and PTSB and perceived social support in female child victims of incest

Objective: This study investigated the association between psychological stress and perceived social support by examining the source of perceived social support (family, peers or teachers). Methods: Female victims of incest subjected to sexual abuse aged 9-18 years (n=31) and a control group consisting of age- and gender-matched girls with no history of psychological trauma were enrolled. All participants completed the Child Depression Inventory, Child Post-traumatic Stress Reaction Index and Perceived Social Support Scale-Revised. Results: The results showed that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms in victims of decreased significantly as perceived social support scores increased. Although the social support that incest victims perceived from families was significantly lower, perceived social support from families nevertheless significantly reduced symptoms of both depression and PTSD. No significant correlation was determined between perceived support from peers and psychological symptoms, while perceived social support from teachers reduced symptoms of PTSD. Discussion: Endeavors aimed at better understanding the interaction between sources of social support and psychological impact in incest experienced by children are important in terms of guiding preventive measures and treatment. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2016; 17(4):300-308).

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