Funda GÜMÜŞTAŞ, Neşe FİŞ PERDAHLI, YASEMİN YULAF, Emel KÜTÜK KOYUNCU, Gözde AKGÜL YAZKAN, Tuğba Didem KUŞÇU

Şizofreni açısından yüksek riskli çocuk ve ergenlerde algılanan anne-baba tutumları ve yaşam kalitesi düzeyleri

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amaçları, şizofreni açısından yüksek risk grubunda bulunan çocuk ve ergenlerin yaşam kalitesi düzeylerinin ve algıladıkları anne-baba tutumlarının, annesi ve babası ruhsal açıdan sağlıklı olan çocuk ve ergenlerle karşılaştırılması ve çocukların algıladıkları anne-baba tutumlarına ve çocukların yaşam kalitesi düzeylerine etki eden etkenlerin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Toplum Ruh Sağlığı Merkezi'nde şizofreni tanısı ile izlenen anne-babalar ile sağlıklı anne-babaların psikiyatrik muayeneleri bir psikiyatrist tarafından yapıldı. Her iki grubun 7-16 yaşları arasındaki çocukları ile çocuk psikiyatristi tarafından tanısal görüşme yapıldı, çocuk ve ergenlerin anne-baba tutumları ve yaşam kalitesi ile ilgili öz-bildirim ölçeklerini doldurmaları istendi. Bulgular: Yüksek risk grubundaki çocuk ve ergenlerin duygusal ve sosyal işlevsellik düzeyleri ile algıladıkları anne-baba kabul/ilgi düzeyi kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak daha düşük bulundu. Yüksek risk grubundaki çocuklar kontrol grubuna göre anne-babalarını daha yüksek oranda 'ihmalkâr' olarak tanımladılar. Anne-babanın eğitim düzeyi ve babanın çalışma durumu gibi sosyodemografik değişkenlerin yaşam kalitesi puanları üzerine anlamlı etkisinin olduğu bulundu. Annesi şizofreni hastası olan çocukların yaşam kalitesi puanları, babası hasta olanlara göre anlamlı oranda düşüktü. Anne-babanın hastalık ve hastanede yatış süresi uzadıkça yaşam kalitesi puanlarının anlamlı olarak azaldığı saptandı. Sonuç: Çalışmamız şizofreni hastası olan anne-babaya sahip çocuk ve ergenlerin, anne-babaları tarafından ihmale uğrama risklerinin yüksek olduğunu, özellikle sosyal ve duygusal alanda olmak üzere yaşam kalitelerinde düşüşler olduğunu göstermiştir. Genetik açıdan şizofreni için yüksek riski olan çocukların anne-babalarıyla olumlu ilişkiler geliştirmelerini de içeren önleyici girişimlere gerek vardır.

Perceived parental attitudes and the levels quality of life in children and adolescents at high risk for schizophrenia

Objective: The aims of this study were to compare the levels quality of life and perceived parental attitude in children and adolescents at high risk for schizophrenia with offspring of parents without any psychiatric disorder, and to investigate the factors affecting parental attitudes perceived by children and quality of life of children. Methods: The psychiatric assessments of parents with schizophrenia who have been followed up in the Community Mental Health Center and that of healthy parents were done by a psychiatrist. Diagnostic interview with the children, within the age range of 7-16 years, was conducted by a child psychiatrist. Children and adolescents were asked to fill out self-report scales relevant to perceived parental attitudes and quality of life. Results: The levels of emotional and social functioning and the levels of parental acceptance/interest were significantly lower in the high risk group when compared to the control group. Children in the high risk group defined their parents as 'negligent' at a higher rate than the control group. There was a significant effect of sociodemographic variables such as parental education level and paternal vocational status on the quality of life scores. When compared to children of fathers with schizophrenia, children of mothers with schizophrenia had much lower quality of life scores. The duration of parental illness and the duration of hospitalization were negatively correlated with the quality of life of children. Discussion: Our study demonstrated that offspring of parents with schizophrenia had a high risk of being neglected by their parents, and a decline in their quality of life, especially in the social and emotional aspects. Preventive interventions including development of positive relationships with their parents, are crucial for children at genetic high risk for schizophrenia.

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