Ruh sağlığı ve bozukluklarının sosyolojisi

Psikiyatri ve psikiyatrik bozukluklar, epidemiyolojik ve etiyolojik özellikleri yönünden sosyal bilimlerle yakından ilişkilidir. Sosyologlar ruh sağlığı ve bozuklukları konusunda beş temel bakış açısı belirlemiştir: Sosyal nedensellik, sosyal tepki, eleştirel kuram, sosyal yapısalcılık, sosyal gerçeklik. Sosyolojinin ilgi alanına sosyal sınıf, cinsiyet, yaş, ırk ve etnisite, psikiyatrik tedavilerin özellikleri, etik konular, hastaneler ve mesleklerin özellikleri girer. Son 20 yılda psikiyatri biyopsi kososyal modelden biyomedikal modele yöneldiği için, psikiyatri ve sosyoloji arasında beklenen işbirliği kurulamamıştır. Oysa sosyal psikiyatrinin bir bilimsel disiplin olarak gelişmesi için bu işbirliği gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sosyoloji, Akıl sağlığı, Zihinsel bozukluklar

Sociology of mental health and disorders

Psychiatry and psychiatric disorders are closely related with social sciences through epidemiologic and etiologic characteristics of psychiatric disorders. Sociologists have been determined five basic views about mental health and disorders: Social causation, societal reaction, critical theory, social constructivism, and social realism. Sociology consists of social class, gender, age, race and ethnicity, ethical issues, the characteristics of psychiatric therapies, hospitals, and professions. In the last two decades, it could not realize the cooperation between psychiatry and sociology because of psychiatry turn to biomedical model from biopsychosocial model. This cooperation is necessary for development as a scientific discipline of social psychiatry.

Keywords:

Sociology, Mental Health, Mental Disorders,

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