Aerobik Kapasite ve Bilişsel Performans İlişkisi

Aerobik kapasite, dışarıdan alınan oksijeni iskelet kaslarına iletme kapasitesidir. Aerobikkapasite için en iyi ve en güvenilir ölçüt, kademeli artan bir test protokolüyle ölçülen maksimum oksijen tüketimidir (VO2maks). VO2maks değeri submaksimal ve maksimal egzersiztestlerinde indirekt ve direkt yöntemle ölçülebilir. Genetik, yaş, cinsiyet, aktivite seviyesi,vücut kitle indeksi ve egzersiz modu VO2maks değerine etki eden faktörler arasında sayılabilir. Oksijenin kaslara iletimindeki tüm basamaklarda VO2maks üzerinde sınırlandırıcı etkiyapabilecek faktörler olup bunların en etkilisi maksimal kalp debisidir. Bilişsel performans,zihnin deneyim veya öğrenme ile edinilen bilgiyi işleme ve değerlendirme yeteneği olupinhibitör kontrol, işlem hızı, çalışan bellek, bilişsel esneklik, görsel–uzamsal işlem, problemçözme ve öğrenme gibi farklı bilişsel fonksiyonları içerir. Aerobik aktivite, zihinsel sağlığıngelişimi ve serebral yapısal değişiklikler için güçlü bir uyarıcıdır. Bu derlemede aerobik kapasitenin ve bu kapasiteyi artırıcı egzersiz seviyesinin bilişsel fonksiyonlarla olan ilişkisiirdelenmiştir

The Relationship between Aerobic Capacity and Cognitive Performance

Aerobic capacity is the capacity to deliver oxygen from the outside to the skeletal muscles. The best and most reliable criterion for aerobic capacity is the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), which is measured using a progressive test protocol. VO2max can be measured by the indirect and direct methods in submaximal and maximal exercise tests. Genetics, age, sex, activity level, body mass index, and exercise mode can be counted as factors affecting VO2max. All steps in the delivery of oxygen to the muscles include factors that may have a limiting effect on VO2max, the most effective of which is the maximal cardiac output. Cognitive performance is the mental ability to process and evaluate the knowledge acquired through experience or learning, and involves different cognitive functions such as inhibitory control, processing speed, working memory, cognitive flexibility, visual spatial processing, problem solving, and learning. Aerobic activity is a powerful stimulus for improving the mental health and the structural changes in the brain. This review addresses the relationship between cognitive functions and aerobic capacity and the level of cognitive performance-increasing exercise.

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