TOPLUMSAL İNŞACILIK PERSPEKTİFİNDEN SURİYELİ MÜLTECİ KRİZİ’NİN AB’YE ETKİSİ: ALMANYA VE MACARİSTAN ÖRNEKLERİ

Bu çalışma yıkıcı sonuçlara yol açan ve Avrupa’daki insanların günlük hayatını ve siyaseti etkileyen Suriyeli mülteci krizine odaklanır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Almanya ve Macaristan’ın Suriyeli mülteci krizi karşısında aldıkları farklı tutumları ve mülteci krizini çözmek için bu ülkelerin benimsedikleri çeşitli önlemleri analiz etmektir. Bu örnek olay, temel olarak eden (yapan) ve yapıların karşılıklı birbirlerini inşa ettiğine ve kimlikler, normlar ve çıkarlara odaklanan toplumsal inşacılık yaklaşımı aracılığıyla rasyonel bakış açısından uzaklaşmadan analiz edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın başlıca sonuçları, mültecilerin Almanya ve Macaristan’da farklı şekillerde algılandığıdır. Sonuçlar ayrıca, Avrupalıların ve mültecilerin entegrasyonunun yeni ve beklenmeyen bir öğrenme deneyimi ile sonuçlandığını ve her iki taraf için değişimlere yol açtığını gösterir. Sonuçlar ayrıca, farklı Avrupa ülke liderlerinin mültecilere yönelik olarak aldıkları tutumlar arasındaki farklılığın önemli olmaya devam ettiğini de ortaya koymaktadır. Mültecilerin Avrupa toplumlarına katılımından ve liderlerinin farklı tutumlarından kaynaklı bu değişim, Avrupa’daki farklı sayılarda Suriyeli mülteciyi kabul eden ülkelerin hem yurt içi ve uluslararası ilişkilerini farklı şekillerde ve seviyelerde etkilemiştir.

THE EFFECTS OF THE SYRIAN REFUGEE CRISIS ON THE EU THROUGH THE LENS OF SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVISM: THE CASES OF GERMANY AND HUNGARY

This paper focuses on the Syrian refugee crisis, which incurreda variety of negative social and economic impacts upon manycountries in the Middle East, as well as in Europe. The aim ofthis study is to analyze the divergent attitudes of Germany andHungary in the face of Syrian refugee crisis and the diversity ofmeasures that these countries have adopted to tackle therefugee problem. The cases are analyzed through socialconstructivism, which focuses mainly on how the agents andstructures mutually construct each other and on identities,norms, and interests without wandering away completely fromthe rational standpoint. The main conclusions of this studyshow that the refugees are perceived differently in Germanyand Hungary. Conclusions also demonstrate that theEuropeans and the refugees resulted in a new and anunexpected learning experience, and enabled changes for bothsides. The findings also reveal that the gap between theattitudes of the leaders of different European countries for therefugees remained significant. The change due to incorporation of the refugees into European societies and thediffering attitudes of their leaders affected both domestic andinternational politics in Europe among countries that accepteddifferent numbers of Syrian refugees.

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