Andrei V. EBEL, Yekaterina I. EBEL, Sergei V. ZALESOV, Sezgin AYAN

The Effects of Different Intensity of Thinning on the Development in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Stands in Kazakh Uplands

The search for more accurate methods of predicting the growth and development of forest stands became the most urgent task set for foresters of Kazakhstan to determine the permissible interventions in the natural course of the life of plantings, provide high durability and resilience in forests. The aim of the study was to identify the effects of diameter and density of Scots pine stands of Kazakh Uplands on their growth and productivity and the related productivity of single plantation stands taking into account the conditions of growth and development of internal factors as well as further study of the methodology for assessing the forestry cost-effectiveness and improvement thinning. To achieve this aim, effects of varied felling intensities on Scots pine stands were studied. The most common two forest types in upland Scots pine forests were chosen as permanent sample plots; the dead pine-lichen and moss pine-grass. The results showed that improvement thinning of moderate and severe intensity which are more profitable should be done in Scots pine forests of Kazakh Upland as well as carrying out such thinning increases the yield of the larger logs and increases the value of the left stand.

PDF

___

Anuchina, N. P. (1977). Forest inventory.- М: Timber industry, 230 p.

Anuchina, N. P. (1982). Forest inventory.- М: Timber industry, 248 p.

Atrohina, V. G., & Yevin I. K. (1985). Thinning and intermediate forest exploitation-М.: Agropromizdat, 255 p.

Chibisov, G. A. (1992). Thinning of forest in the European North, silvicultural and biological bases and zonaltypological programs. Thinning of forests in the European North, silvicultural and biological framework and zonal-typological program. St-P.: Synopsis of diss.dr.agr.sc., 41 p.

Danchenko, A. M., & Danchenko, M. A. (2004). Ecological and Biological Terms in Forestry. Vol. II. - Tomsk: Tomsk State University, 417 p.

Davydov, A. V. (1971). Forest thinning. - М.: Timber Industry, 184 p.

Eytingen, G. R. (1962). Selected works. - М.: Selhozizdat, 500 p.

Georgievski, N. P. (1953). Methods of experimental works by thinning the forest - Riga: Works of the Institute of forestry issues, Vol. 5. p.

Gromyko, G. L. (1981). Statistics- М.: Publishing House of Moscow University, 408 p.

Izuyminski, P. P. (1970). Influence of improvement felling on the growth of plantings. Forestry 2: 23-26.

Lebkov, V. F. (1965). The method of tabulation of growth progress and determination of optimum planting density. Forestry, 2:62-65.

Lebkov, V. F. (1967). Principles and methods of studying structure and dynamics of stands-М Science, 5 p.

Makarenko, А. А. (1967). Improvement felling in the thickened pine forests of Kazakh Upland- Аlma-Аtа: Kainar, 41 p.

Makarenko, А. А., Gurski, A. А., Koltunov, A. А., & Haritonov, B. E. (1987). Assortment and Product Tables for The Forests in Kazakhstan- Аlma-Аtа: Kainar, 21 p.

Makarenko, А. А., Lagunov, P. M., Haritonov, B. E., Shevchuk, E. I., Krichun, B. M., & Tokmurzin, T. H. (1980). Guide to Forest Inventory in Kazakhstan. - Аlma-Аtа: Kainar, 19 p.

Makarenko, А. А., & Mukanov, B. M. (2002). Improvement felling in pine trees of Kazakhstan. - Almaty: Bastau, 4 p.

Malenko, А. А. (1980). Influence of improvement felling on the number and fractional composition of defoliation (mortality). Shchuchinsk: KazSRIF, 78-81 p.

Molchanov, А. А. (1967). Dependence of efficiency stands in the forests of the taiga zone from the changes in environmental conditions. Forest Science, 1:16-23.

Morozov, G. F. (1970). Selected works. Vol. I. - М.: Timber Industry, 477-478 p.

Nesterov, V. G. (1961). Scientific bases and immediate tasks of the integrated forestry-Timber Industry. № 9:25-27.

Orlov, М. М. (1927). Forest management. Vol I. Elements of forestry- L.: Forestry, timber industry and fuel, 58 p.

Pamfilov, V. V. (1951). Influence of thinning plantations on physical and mechanical properties of wood at the southern border of the forest-steppe zone-Works of Bryansk forestry institute, 5 p.

Plotnikov, V. V. (1979). The evolution of the structure of plant communities. МSc. Thesis, 174 p.

Sennov, S. N. (1977). Improvement felling of forests. - М.: Timber industry, 160 p.

Sennov, S. N. (1984). Forest tending: ecological basis. - М.: Timber industry, 128 p.

Sennov, S. N. (1999). The results of 60 years’ observations of the natural dynamics of the forest- SPb: SPbSRIF, 98 p.

Sennov, S. N. (2005). Forest science and silviculture (forestry). - М.: ACADEMA, 174 p.

Smirnov, N. T. (1970). Ten years’ experience of improvement felling in Ilmen Reserve- Sverdlovsk: The Ural forests and their management. Issue 5, 171-175 p.

Svalov, N. N. (1977). Variation statistics - М.: Timber industry, 176 p.

Timofeev, V. P., & Georgievski, N. P. (1957). Density and layering of forest stands as the condition of their productivity. Goslestehizdat, 109 p.

Tretyakov, N. V. (1937). The method of current and average increment of stands. The treatment of current and average increment of stands - L.: Goslestehizdat, 4-44 p.

Verhunova, P. M. (1979). The increase in reserve pine forests of different ages-Novosibirsk: Science, 254 p.

Zaicev, G. N. (1984). Mathematical statistics in experimental botany. / G. - М.: Science, 424 p.

Zalesov, S. V. (1986). Increment felling in pine forests of southern taiga subzone of the Ural. - Sverdlovsk; Diss. Cand.agr.sc., 215 p.

Zalesov, S. V. (1988). Influence of increment felling on the weight and productivity of assimilation apparatus of pine. - Sverdlovsk; The Ural forests and their management. Issue.14, 152-160 p.

Zalesov, S. V., & Luganski, N. A. (1989). Increment felling in pine forests of the Ural. - Sverdlovsk. Publishing House of Ural University, 128 p.

Zdvorik, M. G. (1952). Statistics for Forest Specialist- М.-L.: Goslesbumizdat, 226 p.

Zhukov, A. B. (1976). The main directions of the development of forest biological science in the tenth five-year plan - Forest Science, №2, p. 4.