Ahmet Erhan ÖZDEMİR, Ercan YILDIZ, Elif ÇANDIR, Celil TOPLU

The Effects of Fruit Development and Physico-Chemical Changes on the Optimum Harvest Maturity in Some Astringent Persimmon Cultivars

In this study, physical and chemical changes during fruit development of pollination constant astringent‘Eylül’ persimmon genotype and ‘Hachiya’ persimmon variety were examined and optimum harvest time wasdetermined under Dörtyol-Hatay conditions that have a Mediterranean climate. Fruit samples were takenfrom persimmon trees from grafted onto Diospyros lotus rootstock. Fruit weight, width and length, fleshfirmness, skin and flesh color, total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA) content, pH value andTSS/TA ratio were analyzed on samples from June to ripening. Fruit samples were picked up at fortnightinterval in the time of fruit development. Fruit weight of ‘Eylül’ persimmon genotype and ‘Hachiya’persimmon variety were reached 96.35 g and 259.84 g, respectively, on 215th day after full bloom (DAFB).Flesh firmness was reduced in the time of fruit growth and achieved to an acceptable limit, while h° values offruit skin color was decreased in the time of the fruit growth period. Our data shown that fruit skin colorespecially hº value, fruit flesh firmness, TSS and TSS/TA ratio were significant criteria in determiningharvest maturity. Optimal harvest maturity period lay between 155‒170th DAFB for ‘Eylül’ persimmongenotype and between 170‒185th DAFB for ‘Hachiya’ persimmon variety in Dörtyol-Hatay conditions.According to the obtained findings, it was determined that ‘Eylül’ persimmon genotype reach optimalmaturity between the second or the third weeks of October and mid or end of October were the optimumharvest maturity time for ‘Hachiya’ persimmon variety in order to provide storage long time and transportfruit at optimum commercial maturity and quality

Bazı Buruk Trabzon Hurması Çeşitlerinde Optimum Hasat Olgunluğuna Meyve Gelişiminin ve FizikoKimyasal Değişimlerin Etkileri

Bu çalışmada, Akdeniz iklimine sahip Dörtyol-Hatay koşullarında yetiştirilen meyve et rengi kararlı ve buruk (PCA) 'Eylül' Trabzon hurması genotipi ve 'Hachiya' Trabzon hurması çeşidinin meyve gelişimi sırasındaki fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimleri incelenmiş ve optimum hasat zamanı belirlenmiştir. Diospyros lotus anacına aşılanan Trabzon hurması ağaçlarından meyve örnekleri alındı. Haziran ayından olgunlaşmaya kadar alınan meyve örneklerinde meyve ağırlığı, genişliği ve uzunluğu, et sertliği, kabuk ve et rengi, suda çözünebilir toplam kuru madde (TSS) ve titre edilebilir asit (TA) içeriği, pH değeri ve TSS/TA oranı analizleri yapılmıştır. Meyve örnekleri, meyve gelişimi sırasında iki haftada bir alınmıştır. Tam çiçeklenmeden sonraki (TÇS) 215. günde 'Eylül' Trabzon hurması genotipi ve 'Hachiya' Trabzon hurması çeşidinin meyve ağırlıkları sırasıyla 96.35 g ve 259.84 g'a ulaşmıştır. Meyve büyümesi döneminde meyve eti sertliği azalarak kabul edilebilir sınıra ulaşırken, meyve kabuk rengi h° değerleri azalmıştır. Verilerimiz, derim olumunu belirlemede meyve kabuk rengi özellikle h° değeri, meyve eti sertliği, TSS ve TSS/TA oranının önemli kriterler olduğunu göstermiştir. Optimal derim olum dönemi, Dörtyol-Hatay koşullarında yetiştirilen 'Eylül' Trabzon hurması genotipi için TÇS 155‒170 günler ve 'Hachiya' Trabzon hurması çeşidi için TÇS 170‒185 günler arasındadır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, uzun süre depolamak ve meyveyi optimum ticari olgunluk ve kalitede taşımak için en uygun hasat olgunluk zamanı 'Eylül' Trabzon hurması genotipi için Ekim ayının ikinci ve üçüncü haftası ve 'Hachiya' Trabzon hurması çeşidi için Ekim ortası ve sonu arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir

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