Evlat Edinilen Çocuklarda Bağlanma

Evlat edinme süreci, evlat edinen ebeveynlerin ve evlat edinilen çocukların hayatlarında birçok ödül ve zorlukla ilişkilidir. Bağlanma, kişileri birbirine bağlayan güçlü bir sevgi ve insanların tehdit altındayken duygusal sıkıntılarını düzenledikleri ve başkalarına yakınlık arayarak güvenlik sağladıkları davranışsal bir sistemdir. Erken dönemde meydana gelen bağlanma ilişkisi kişilerin davranışlarını ve daha sonraki dönemlerde yaşanılacak ilişkilerin niteliğini önemli derecede etkilemektedir. İdeal olan, çocukların biyolojik anne babaları tarafından büyütülmesidir, ancak annenin hastalığı, anne babanın ölümü, maddi imkânsızlıklar, anne babanın boşanması, savaşlar, bebeğin meşru olmayan yollarla dünyaya gelmesi, evlat edinenlerin çeşitli nedenlerle çocuklarının olamaması, doğum yapma korkusu, çocuk yapmama tercihini kullanma, çocuğu olup bakıma muhtaç çocuk/ları evlat edinmek isteme gibi birçok nedenle bazı çocuklar evlat edinilmektedir. Evlat edinen ebeveynlerle evlat edinilen çocuklar arasındaki bağlanma ilişkisi onların davranışlarının, ilişkilerinin ve psikolojik durumlarının kalitesini de belirleyen bir faktördür. Bu çalışmada, bağlanmanın tanımı, bağlanma türleri, bağlanmayı etkileyen faktörler, evlat edinme ve evlat edinme sürecinde bağlanma süreci ele alınmış ve tartışılmıştır.

Attachment in Adopted Children

The adoption process is associated with many rewards and difficulties in the lives of adoptive parents and adopted children. Attachment is a strong love that connects people and a behavioral system in which people are exposed to emotional distress when threatened and provide security by seeking closeness to others. The early bonding relationship has a significant effect on the behavior of individuals and the nature of the relationships to be experienced in later periods. Ideally, children should be raised by their biological parents, but the mother’s illness, the death of the parents, financial difficulties, the divorce of parents, wars, the birth of the baby by unlawful means, the inability of the adopters to have children for various reasons, the fear of giving birth, the choice of not having children, some children are adopted for many reasons, such as, having a child and also wanting to adopt children in need of care. The bond of attachment between the adoptive parents and the adopted children is also a factor in the quality of their behavior, relationships, and psychological state. In this study, the definition of attachment, the types of attachment, the factors affecting attachment, the attachment process in the adoption and adoption process are discussed.

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