Sultan CAN, Fahrettin GÖĞÜŞ, Hüseyin BOZKURT

Organik Yaban Mersini Ekstraktından Elde Edilen Biyoaktif Bileşiklerin Püskürtmeli Kurutmayla Enkapsülasyonu

Bu çalışmada, püskürtmeli kurutma parametrelerinin organik yaban mersini ekstraktına etkileri incelenmiştir. Solvent ekstraksiyonu ile yaban mersininden yüksek miktarda biyoaktif bileşik ekstrakte edildi. Püskürtmeli kurutma koşullarının optimizasyonu için yanıt yüzey metodolojisi uygulandı. Besleme karışımının ekstrakt kütle yüzdesi (kuru bazda, 15-50%), hava giriş sıcaklığı (120-150°C) ve besleme karışımının katı madde miktarı (20-40 Brix) bağımsız işlem değişkenleridir. Operasyon verimliliği ve fenolik tutunum modelin yanıt değişkenleridir. Kaplama ajanı olarak maltodekstrin kullanıldı. Optimum ekstrakt kütle yüzdesi, sıcaklık ve besleme karışımının katı madde miktarı sırasıyla 19.51%, 120°C ve 20.03 Briks olarak belirlendi. Optimum şartlar altında yanıt değişkenlerinin maksimum seviyeleri %91.20 operasyon verimliliği ve %87.12 fenolik tutunum olarak bulundu. Biyoaktif bileşiklerin tutunumunda en önemli değişken ekstrakt kütle yüzdesi olarak bulundu. Enkapsüle edilmiş toz %3.19 nem içeriğine sahipti ve kuru tozun gramı başına 5.54 mg gallik asit eşdeğeri (GAE), 1.52 mg siyanidin-3-glukozit (C3G) ve 46.41 µmol Troloks eşdeğeri (TE) içeriyordu. Tozun DPPH serbest radikal yakalama aktivitesi değeri (EC50) 8.14 mg çözünür katı/mL olarak bulundu. Elde edilen biyoaktif toz muhtemel fonksiyonel gıda bileşenidir. Sonuç olarak, yaban mersini ekstraktı tozu püskürtmeli kurutmayla verimli şekilde üretilebilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Püskürtmeli kurutma, Enkapsülasyon, Yaban mersini, Tepki yüzey metodolojisi

Optimization of Spray Drying Encapsulation of Bioactive Compounds from Organic Blueberry Extract

In this study, the effects of spray drying parameters on organic blueberry extract were investigated. High amounts of bioactive compounds were extracted from blueberry by solvent extraction. Response surface methodology was applied for the optimization of spray drying conditions. Extract mass percentage of feed mixture (m/m in dry basis 15-50%), air inlet temperature (120-150°C) and solid content of feed (20-40°Brix) were independent variables. Operational efficiency (yield) and phenolic retention were responses. Maltodextrin was used as an encapsulating agent. The optimum extract mass percentage, temperature and solid feed content were estimated as 19.51% (m/m) extract, 120°C and 20.03°Brix, respectively. The maximum levels of responses under optimum conditions were obtained as operational efficiency of 91.20% and phenolic retention of 87.12%. It was found that the most important variable for bioactive compound retention was the extract mass percentage. Encapsulated powder had 3.19% moisture content, and contained 5.54 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE), 1.52 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), and 46.41 μmol Trolox equivalents (TE) per gram dry powder. DPPH free radical scavenging activity value (EC50) of powder was 8.14 mg soluble solids/mL. Bioactive powder obtained could be considered as a possible functional food ingredient. In conclusion, blueberry extract powder could be efficiently produced by spray drying.

Keywords:

Spray drying, Encapsulation, Blueberry, Response surface methodology,

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