Tuğba ÖKSÜZ, Tuğba ÖZDAL, Neşe ŞAHİN-YEŞİLÇUBUK, Dilara NİLÜFER-ERDİL

Gıdalara Bisfenol A BPA Migrasyonu ve İnsan Sağlığı Üzerine Etkileri

Bisfenol A son yıllarda gıdalara geçiş açısından dikkat çekici bir bulaşan haline gelmiştir. Genel olarak polikarbonat esaslı plastiklerde ve konserve metal kapların iç kaplaması olarak kullanılan epoksi bazlı reçinelerde bulunmaktadır. Gıdalara bulaşma genellikle konserve kutu iç kaplamaları, bebek biberonları, süt, su ve içecek şişeleri veya damacanaları ile gıda pişirme/servis ekipmanlarından olmaktadır. BPA’nın insan sağlığı üzerine toksik etkileri arasında yenidoğan ve ceninde beyin gelişimini engellemesi, vücutta yapısal değişikliklere yol açması, hiperaktiviteye ve öğrenme bozukluklarına ve insanlarda kısırlığa neden olması şeklinde sayılabilir. Ayrıca BPA’nın östrojenik özelliği nedeniyle karsinojen olma şüphesi de çeşitli araştırmalarda belirtilmektedir. Bu olumsuz etkiler, yasal düzenlemelerin gözden geçirilmesine ve araştırmaların konu üzerine yoğunlaşmasına neden olmuştur. Avrupa Gıda Güvenliği Otoritesi EFSA , BPA’nın günlük en fazla alımını 50 µg/kg/gün olarak sınırlamıştır. Ülkemizde, biberon gibi bebek beslenmesinde kullanılan polikarbonat malzemelerin üretiminde BPA’nın kullanımı yasaklanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, BPA’nın bulunduğu malzemeler, insan sağlığı üzerine etkileri, dünya ve ülkemiz araştırıcıları tarafından yapılan çalışmaların sonuçları ve ilgili yasal düzenlemeler derlenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bisphenol A BPA, Migrasyon, Gıda, Sağlık etkileri, Yasal düzenlemeler

Bisphenol A Migration into Foods and its Effects on Human Health

In recent years, BPA has been attracted a great deal of attention as a contaminant migrating into foods. Migration routes into foods include inner coating of food cans and polycarbonate polymer based baby bottles, milk, water/beverage bottles and food preparation/servicing equipment. Toxic effects of BPA reported in many scientific articles are insufficient brain development in newborns and fetus, structural changes in body, hyperactivity, and prevention of fertility. Due to its estrogenic activity, concerns about the development of carcinogenicity are reported in different studies. These negative effects on human health have led legal authorities to revise legislations and to increase studies on this subject. European Food Safety Authority announced Tolerable Daily Intake TDI of BPA as 50µg/kg/day. In Turkey, BPA addition during the manufacturing of polycarbonate baby bottles is banned. In this study, migration sources for BPA, effects on health, research available in the literature and related legislations are reviewed

Keywords:

Bisphenol A BPA , Migration, Food, Health effects, Regulations,

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