Spark Plazma Sinterleme Yöntemi ile Üretilen Karbon Fiber Kumaş Katkılı ZrB2-SiC Kompozitlerinin Yapısal ve Mekanik Özellikleri

Bu çalışma kapsamında ZrB2-SiC matris fazı içerisine karbon fiber kumaş takviyesi yapılarak seramik matris kompozit malzemeleri üretilmiştir. Kullanılan seramik malzemeler etanol ortamında karıştırılarak bir seramik çamuru hazırlanmış ve bu çamur karbon fiber kumaşlara basınçsız emdirme işlemi yapılarak uygulanmıştır. Seramik malzemelerin kütlece oranı ZrB2-ağ.%20SiC şeklindedir. Bağlayıcının etkisini araştırmak amacıyla bazı kompozitler polivinil butiral (PVB) kullanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Homojen bir seramik çamuru elde etmek amacıyla başlangıç tozları bir polietilen (PET) şişe içerisine eklenmiş ve Si3N4 bilyeler kullanılarak bilyeli değirmende 24 saat boyunca karıştırılmıştır. Hazırlanan seramik çamurunun karbon fiber kumaşlara uygulanma ve kurutma işlemlerinin ardından kompozit malzemeler Spark Plazma Sinterleme (SPS) işlemine tabi tutulmuşlardır. Sinterleme işlemi tek aşamalı ve çift aşamalı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ulaşılan maksimum sinterleme sıcaklığı 2000 ℃ ve maksimum sıcaklıkta bekleme süresi 30 dk şeklindedir. Uygulanan maksimum basınç ise 50 MPa’dır. Sinterleme sürecinin ardından çeşitli karakterizasyon işlemleri için uygun boyutlarda kesilen numunelerin Arşimet Prensibi ile yoğunluk analizleri, X-ışını toz kırınımı yöntemi ile faz analizleri, taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile mikro yapısal analizleri ve Instron cihazı ile 3 nokta eğme testi analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; sinterleme aşamasının çift aşamada gerçekleştirilmesi ve çamur hazırlama sürecinde bağlayıcı kullanılmasının yapısal ve mekanik özellikler açısından daha verimli olduğu saptanmıştır. Maksimum yoğunluğa (2,3972 g/cm3) çift aşamada sinterlenen ve bağlayıcı kullanılan malzemede ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca aynı malzeme 5,59 GPa’lık maksimum elastik modülü ile karakterize edilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Karbon fiber, Seramik matris kompozitler, Spark plazma sinterleme, Yoğunlaşma

Structural and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Fabric Reinforced ZrB2-SiC Composites Produced by Spark Plasma Sintering Method

Within the scope of this study, ceramic matrix composite materials were produced by reinforcing carbon fiber fabric into the ZrB2-SiC matrix phase. A ceramic slurry was prepared by mixing the ceramic materials used in the ethanol environment, and this ceramic slurry was impregnated with carbon fiber fabrics by applying pressureless impregnation. The mass ratio of ceramic materials is ZrB2-20wt%SiC. In order to investigate the effect of the binder, some composites were prepared using polyvinyl butyral (PVB). In order to obtain a homogeneous ceramic slurry, the starting powders were added into a polyethylene (PET) bottle and mixed for 24 hours in a ball mill using Si3N4 balls. Composite materials were subjected to Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) process after the application of the prepared ceramic slurry to carbon fiber fabrics and drying. The sintering process was carried out as single-stage and double-stage. The maximum sintering temperature reached is 2000 ℃ and the waiting time at the maximum temperature is 30 minutes. The maximum applied pressure is 50 MPa. After the sintering process, density analysis with Archimedes Principle, phase analysis with X-ray powder diffraction method, micro-structural analysis with scanning electron microscope and 3-point bending test analysis with Instron device were performed for the samples cut in suitable sizes for various characterization processes. According to the results obtained; It has been determined that performing the sintering step in double stages and using binders in the slurry preparation process are more efficient in terms of structural and mechanical properties. The maximum density (2.3972 g/cm3) was reached in the sample that was sintered in double stages and used binder. In addition, the same sample is characterized by a maximum elastic modulus of 5.59 Gpa.

Keywords:

Carbon fiber, Ceramic matrix composites, Spark plasma sintering, Densification,

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