Filament Eritme Yöntemiyle Üretilen PA12 ile Ticari PA12’nin Morfolojik, Termal ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması

Polimer malzemeler, dünya ekonomisinin çeşitli alanlarında yaygın olarak kullanılmakta ve özellikleri hızla gelişmektedir. Eklemeli imalat (Eİ) gibi yeni teknolojilerin ortaya çıkışı, polimer malzemeler ve kompozitler için daha yüksek performans ve işlevsellik gibi ihtiyaçlar doğurmuştur. Polimer toz malzemeler, Eİ teknolojilerinde en çok kullanılan sarf malzemelerindendir ve ağırlıklı olarak seçici lazer sinterleme (SLS) teknolojisinde kullanılır. SLS, birbirini izleyen toz hammadde katmanlarını 3 boyutlu (3B) bilgisayar destekli tasarım modeline göre seçici olarak sinterleyerek 3B katı bileşenleri üreten bir toz yatağında füzyon işlemidir. Bu çalışmada; Poliamid 12 (PA12), fiber eritme yöntemi kullanılarak toz halinde üretilmiş ve masaüstü SLS sistemlerde kullanılmak üzere optimize edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada PA12, eriyik eğirme cihazında farklı çaplarda fiber iplikler haline getirilmiştir. Elde edilen fiber iplikler kesilerek ısıtıcılı balon karıştırıcı içinde Polietilen Oksit (PEO) ile termal işleme tabi tutulmuş ve küresel forma yakın tozlar elde edilmiştir. Kurutma ve eleme işlemlerinden geçirilen bu tozlarla, açık parametreye sahip bir SLS (Seçici lazer sinterleme) 3B yazıcıda baskı alınmıştır. Toz numunelerine diferansiyel taramalı kalorimetri (DSC), taramalı elektron mikroskobisi (SEM) ve elek analizi yapılmıştır. Baskı numunelerine ise; çekme, sertlik, darbe, yoğunluk, ergime akış indeksi (EAİ), vicat yumuşama sıcaklığı testleri yapılmıştır ve numunelerin mikroyapı incelemesi için SEM analizi kullanılmıştır. Numunelerin testlerin sonuçları incelenerek ticari ve üretilen PA12’nin özellikleri karşılaştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

sls, eklemeli imalat, pa12, fiber eritme

Comparison of Morphological, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PA12 Produced by Filament Melting Method and Commercial PA12

Polymer materials are widely used in various fields of the world economy and their properties are developing rapidly. The emergence of new technologies such as additive manufacturing (AM) has created needs such as higher performance and functionality for polymer materials and composites. Polymer powder materials are one of the most used consumables in EI technologies and are mainly used in selective laser sintering (SLS) technology. SLS is a powder bed fusion process that produces 3D solid components by selectively sintering successive layers of powder raw materials according to a 3D (3D) computer aided design model. In this study, Polyamide 12 (PA12) pellets were pulverized by fiber melting method and optimized for use in desktop SLS systems. In the study, PA12 was turned into fiber yarns of different diameters in the melt spinning device. The fiber yarns obtained were cut and subjected to thermal treatment with Polyethylene Oxide (PEO) in a heated balloon mixer and powders close to spherical form were obtained. These powders, which have undergone drying and sieving processes, were printed on an SLS (Selective laser sintering) 3D printer with open parameter. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and sieve analysis were performed on powder samples. For printing samples; tensile, hardness, impact, density, melt flow index (EAI), vicat softening temperature tests were performed and SEM analysis was used for microstructural examination of the samples. The results of the tests of the samples were examined and the properties of commercial and produced PA12 were compared.

Keywords:

SLS, Additive manufacturing, pa12, fiber melting,

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