Menopoz sonrası osteoporoz ve osteopenide grup egzersizlerinin etkinliği

Amaç: Menopoz sonrası osteoporoz ve osteopeni tanısı konmuş kadınlarda grup egzersizinin kemik mineral yoğunluğu (KMY), ağrı ve yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkileri incelendi. Çalışma planı: Çalışmaya, DEXA (Dual Energy X-ray Ab- sorptiometry) yöntemi ile sırasıyla osteoporoz (T-skoru < -2.5) ve osteopeni (T-skoru -1 ile -2.5 arası) tanısı konan 16 osteoporotik (ort. yaş 55.2) ve 17 osteopenik (ort. yaş 55.4) kadın alındı. Katılımcılar ortopedik, nörolojik, respiratuvar, vasküler, metabolik veya mental sorunları olmayan bireylerden seçildi. Her bir gruba 21 hafta süreyle, haftada üç gün bir saat süre ile, ﬁzyoterapist eşliğinde, solunum, ısınma, germe, kuvvetlendirme, denge, stabilizasyon ve soğuma egzersizlerini kapsayan grup egzersiz programı uygulandı. Tüm olgularda tedavi öncesi ve sonrasında ağrı şiddeti görsel analog skala ile, femur boynunda ölçülen KMY, DEXA ile ve yaşam kalitesi QUALEFFO-41 (Quality of Life Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis) anketi ile değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar: İki grup arasında, osteopeni grubunda vücut ağırlığının daha fazla (p0.05). Her iki grupta egzersiz sonrasında T-skoru, KMY ve yaşam kalitesi anketinin tüm parametrelerinde artış, ağrı şiddetinde ise azalma görüldü (p0.05). Çıkarımlar: Bu pilot çalışma, hem osteoporoz hem de osteopeni gruplarında ﬁzyoterapist eşliğinde yapılan grup egzersizlerinin ağrının azaltılması, KMY ve yaşam kalitesinin artırılmasında etkin olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Postmenopoz, Yaşam kalitesi, Anketler, Kemik hastalıkları, metabolik, Egzersiz tedavisi, Absorptiyometri, foton, Osteoporoz, Kemik yoğunluğu

The effect of group exercise on postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteopenia

Objectives: We investigated the effects of group exercise on bone mineral density (BMD), pain, and quality of life in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and osteopenia. Methods: The study included 16 osteoporotic (mean age 55.2 years) and 17 osteopenic (mean age 55.4 years) postmenopausal women whose diagnoses were made by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) showing T-scores of less than -2.5 and in a range of -1 to -2.5, respectively. Subjects having orthopedic, neurological, respiratory, vascular, metabolic, or mental problems were excluded. Each group received the same group exercise program for one hour three times a week for 21 weeks, supervised by a physiotherapist, and including breathing, warm-up, stretching, strengthening, balance, stabilization, and cooling exercises. All participants were evaluated before and after the exercise program by a visual analog scale for pain severity, by DEXA for BMD, and by QUALEFFO-41 (Quality of Life Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis) for quality of life. Results: The two groups were similar with respect to age, height, and body mass index (p>0.05), but osteopenic women had a higher body weight (p<0.05). After the exercise program, both groups exhibited signiﬁcant improvements in T-score, pain score, BMD, and all parameters of the QUALEFFO-41 (p<0.05). The mean T-scores before and after exercise were -2.7±0.2 and -2.4±0.5 in osteoporotic women, and -1.8±0.5 and -1.4±0.5 in osteopenic women, respectively. Following exercise, 43.8% of osteoporotic women had a T-score showing osteopenia, and 23.5% of osteopenic women had a T-score falling within the normal range. The two groups did not differ signiﬁcantly with respect to the differences between the mean improvements obtained after the exercise program (p>0.05). Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates the effectiveness of physiotherapist-supervised group exercise programs in decreasing pain and increasing BMD and quality of life of both osteoporotic and osteopenic women.

Keywords:

Postmenopause, Quality of Life, Questionnaires, Bone Diseases, Metabolic, Exercise Therapy, Absorptiometry, Photon, Osteoporosis, Bone Density,

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