Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Bitkisinin Budanmasi ile Oluşturulan Tek Sap ve Tek Tabla Şeklindeki Morfolojik Tasarımın Büyüme ve Gelişme Özellikleri ile Tarimsal Potansiyeli Üzerine Etkisi

Bu araştırma, tek bir ana sap üzerinde tek bir ana tabla kalacak şekilde yan dalları budanarak dizayn edilen aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) bitkisinin farklı ekim sıklığı koşullarında büyüme ve gelişme özellikleri ile tarımsal potansiyelinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulan çalışmada, kontrol (budama yok) ile birlikte 3 budama zamanı (tomurcuklanma başlangıcı, tomurcuklanma sonu ve çiçeklenme başlangıcı) ve 3 sıra arası mesafe (15 x 10, 30 x 10 ve 45 x 10 cm) uygulanmıştır. Budama ile birlikte klorofil içeriği, bitki boyu, tabla çapı, tohum sayısı ve 1000 tane ağırlığı olumlu yönde, tohum ağırlığı, hasat indeksi, yağ oranı, tohum ve yağ verimi olumsuz yönde etkilenmiştir. Sıra arası mesafe genişledikçe klorofil içeriği, bitki boyu, dal sayısı, tabla çapı, tabla sayısı, tohum sayısı, tohum ağırlığı ve 1000 tane ağırlığı artarken, hasat indeksi, tohum ve yağ verimi azalmış, yağ oranı önemli düzeyde etkilenmemiştir. Yağ asitleri kompozisyonu üzerine hem budama zamanının hem de ekim sıklığının önemli bir etkisi olmamıştır. Tek sap/tek tabla bırakılan bitkilerin tablada tohum sayıları ve 1000 tane ağırlıkları fazla da olsa, dallanan bitkiler kadar çok tabla sayısına sahip olmadıklarından tohum ve yağ verimleri düşük kalmıştır. Budama yapılarak tek sap/tek tabla bırakılan bitkilerden elde edilen araştırma bulgularının, genetik dallanmayan bitkiler için rol model olabilecek veriler sunması bakımından oldukça önemli olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tarımsal potansiyel, morfolojik tasarım, budama, aspir, tek sap ve tek tabla

The Effects of Pruning Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) as a Single Stemmed and Single-Headed Morphological Design on Growth and Development Characteristics and Agricultural Potential

The aim of this study was to determine the possible effects of pruning the side branches at different stages, designed as a single stem/single head, on the growth and development characteristics of the safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) plant and its agricultural potential under the different plant spacing. In the research, which was established with 3 replications according to the split-plot, 3 pruning times (beginning of budding, end of budding and beginning of flowering) and 3 different row distances (15 x 10, 30 x 10, and 45 x 10 cm) were applied. While pruning treatments had positive effects on chlorophyll content, plant height, head diameter, seed number, and 1000 seed weight, they had negative effects on seed weight, harvest index, oil ratio, seed and oil yield. Chlorophyll content, plant height, the number of branches, head diameter, the number of heads, the number of seeds, seed weight, and 1000 seed weight increased as row spacing widened; harvest index, seed and oil yield decreased; oil ratio was unaffected. The research findings showed that pruning time and sowing distances had non-significant effect on fatty acid composition. Despite having more seeds and a heavier 1000 seed weight, plants with a single stem/single head had lower seed and oil yields because they did not have as many heads as branched plants. The research findings are important in providing data that can be a role model for genetically non-branching plants.

Keywords:

Agronomic potential, morphological design, pruning, safflower, single-stem and single-head,

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