Su Stres Koşulları Altında Tuzluluğun Siyah Havuç Bitkisinin (Daucus Carota L.) Verim, Verim Bileşenleri ve Bitki Su Tüketimi Üzerine Etkileri

Tuzluluk ve kuraklık, küresel anlamda bitkisel üretimi etkileyen en önemli önemli problemlerden bazılarıdır. Bu çalışma, sulama aralığı ve sulama suyu tuzluluğun siyah havucun verim ve büyüme parametreleri ile toprak tuzluluğu üzerine olan etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yağış örtüsü ile kapalı bir alanda yapılmıştır. Çalışma, 6 farklı sulama suyu tuzluluk seviyesi (0.38 (S1), 1.5 (S2), 3.0 (S3), 5.0 (S4) 7.0 (S5) ve 10.0 (S6) dS/m ve 3 farklı sulama aralığında (4 gün (I1), 6 gün (I2) ve 8 gün (I3) yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda sulama aralığı ve sulama suyu tuzluluğunun interaksiyon etkisinin verim, bitki su tüketimi, klorofil içeriği ve suda çözünebilir katı madde miktarı (SÇKM) üzerine önemli deredece etki ettiği belirlenmiştir. Tuzluluk ve sulama aralıklarının artmasıyla birlikte siyah havucun verimi ve bitki su tükerim değerleri önemli derecede azalış göstermiştir. En yüksek verim I1 x S1 konusundan elde edilmiş ve verim tepki faktörü (Ky) 1.39 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sulama suyu tuzluluğunun 1.5 dS/m’ ye kadar olması siyah havucun veriminde herhangi bir azalmaya neden olmadığı belirlenmiş bununla birlikte toprak tuzluluğundaki 1 dS/m lik artış, I1, I2 ve I3 sulama aralıklarında sırasıyla % 3.83, % 2.93 ve % 3.03 oranında azalmaya neden olmuştur. Sulama suyu tuzluluğundaki artış klorofil içeriğini ve havuç suyunun pH değerini düşürmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda, siyah havucun tuz ve su kısıtına. Karşı hassas olduğu ve tuzlu su kullanılması durumunda siyah havuç için sulama aralığının en fazla 6 gün olması gerektiği tespit edilmiştir. Sulama suyu tuzluluğunun yüksek olduğu bölgelerde daha sık sulama yapılması ile verimde oluşabilecek kayıpların en aza indirileceği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Sulama tuzluluğu, Siyah havuç, Toprak tuzluluğu, Sulama aralığı, Kuraklık

Effects of Salinity on Yield, Yield Components and Water Productivity of Black Carrot (Daucus Carota L.) Under Water Stress Condition

Salinity and drought are some of the main problems affecting global crop yields. In this study, interaction effects of irrigation interval and salinity on yield, soil salinity, other parameters of black carrot were evaluated in a covered rain shelter. The treatments consist of three different irrigation intervals (4 days (I1), 6 days (I2), and 8 days (I3) with 6 different irrigation water salinity levels (0.38 (S1), 1.5 (S2), 3.0 (S3), 5.0 (S4) 7.0 (S5) and 10.0 (S6) dS m-1. The results indicated that the effect of interaction between irrigation interval and salinity was significant on yield, evapotranspiration, chlorophyll content, and soluble solid content (SSC). Yield and evapotranspiration decreased significantly with an increase in salinity and irrigation intervals. The highest yield was observed in I1S1, and the yield response (Ky) in the black carrot was 1.39. The irrigation water salinity up to 1.5 dS m-1 was nonsignificant on yield. However, the increase in soil salinity by 1 dS m-1 caused a decrease of 3.83%, 2.93%, and 3.03% in the yields of I1, I2, and I3, respectively. Moreover, increasing the salinity of irrigation water reduced the chlorophyll content and carrot juice pH value. The result of the study indicated that black carrot is sensitive to salt and water deficit, and the maximum irrigation interval using saline water should not be more than 6 days. Therefore, it can be concluded that in regions where salinity is high, more frequent irrigation minimizes losses that may occur in yield.

Keywords:

Irrigation salinity, Black carrot, Soil salinity, Irrigation interval, Drought.,

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