Pollination biology of cherry laurel and pollenizer effects on fruit set and fruit characteristics

Bu çalışmada karayemişin (P. laurocerasus L.) döllenme biyolojisi incelenmiş ve tozlayıcıların meyve kalitesine etkileri ortaya konmuştur. Karayemişin tozlanması üzerine ilk çalışma niteliği taşıyan bu çalışmada, üç ana bitki ve iki tozlayıcı bitki yer almış, in vivo koşullarda serbest tozlanma, kendileme ve karşılıklı tozlanma yapılmıştır. Denemede yer alan tozlayıcıların çiçek tozu canlılıkları arasında fark bulunmamıştır. Başlangıçtaki meyve tutumu tozlanmadan itibaren 20., 40. ve 60. günlerde (çiçek-küçük meyve dökümünden sonra, küçük meyve dökümünden sonra ve haziran dökümünden sonra) dalda kalan meyveler sayılarak tespit edilmiştir. Son meyve tutumu Temmuz ayının ikinci haftasında, meyve olgunlaşma döneminin başlangıcında tespit edilmiştir. Tozlamada yer alan çiçek sayısı gelişen meyvelere oranlanarak yüzde meyve tutumu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada başlangıçtaki meyve tutumu çok yüksek olmuş, ancak tozlanmadan sonraki ilk 40 gün içinde şiddetli dökümler görülmüştür. Sonuçtaki meyve tutumu serbest, kendileme veya karşılıklı tozlanma durumuna göre, tozlayıcı kaynağından önemli oranda etkilenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, genotip 16 tüm ana çeşitler için en iyi tozlayıcı olmuştur. Meyve tutumunun karşılıklı tozlanmada artması karayemişin kendine uyuşmaz olduğunu göstermiştir. Polen kaynağı meyve kalite parametrelerini istatistiksel olarak etkilemiştir.

Karayemişin tozlanma biyolojisi ve tozlayıcıların meyve tutumu ve kalitesine etkileri

We investigated the fertilization biology of naturally grown cherry laurels and showed the effect of pollinizers on fruit quality. This is the first study on the pollination biology of cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.), conducted among three mothers and two pollenizer types employing in vivo open, self, and cross-pollination experiments. There was no difference in the pollen viability of different pollenizer types. The initial fruit set was monitored by counting fruits after 20, 40 and 60 days of the pollination (after flowers-small fruit drop, small fruit drop and June drop). The final fruit set was recorded in the second week of July at the beginning of the fruit ripening phenophase. The percentage of fruit set was calculated by comparing the number of developed fruits with pollinated flowers. In this study, the initial fruit set was very high but dropped severely in the next 40 days. The variations in the final fruit set were attributed to the pollen source effects. According to the results, genotype 16 was the best pollenizer for all mother genotypes. The fruit set increased with cross-pollination indicating that cherry laurel is self- incompatible. The pollen source significantly affected the fruit quality parameters.

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