Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükler ve Rekabet: Türkiye Tarım Sektörü

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye tarım sektörünün rekabet gücünün uluslararası alanda belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu analizde, 2000 ve 2011 yılları arasında Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü (FAO)’ne ait gıda ve tarım ticaret verisi kullanılmıştır. Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükler İndeksi (AKÜ), 601 adet tarımsal madde için hesaplanmıştır. Eğer AKÜ değeri, birden büyükse, ilgili malda o ülke rekabet avantajına sahiptir. Türkiye için, 78 adet tarımsal maddede AKÜ değerleri birden büyük bulunmuştur. AKÜ indeks değerlerine göre, tarımsal maddeler iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Birinci grubun AKÜ değerleri sıfır ve birden küçük değerlere sahip iken, ikinci grubun AKÜ değerleri bire eşit veya daha büyük değerlere sahiptir. Daha yüksek AKÜ değerleri, daha güçlü rekabet demektir. Yani ikinci grubun rekabet gücü, birinci grubun rekabet gücünden daha iyidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükler İndeksi, Rekabet, Türkiye

Revealed Comparative Advantage and Competitiveness: Turkey Agriculture Sector

The purpose of this study was to determine the competitiveness of the agricultural sector of Turkey in the international arena. For this analysis, food and agriculture trade data belong to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in for the years 2000 to 2011 were used. The Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA) was calculated for the 601 agricultural items for Turkey. If RCA greater 1, 1th goods to the jth country shows that it has a comparative advantage. On the condition that only selected 78 agricultural items were founded over one value for RCA. According to these RCA index values, agricultural items were divided into two groups. Although the first group’s RCA values had range between 0 and smaller than 1, the second group’s RCA values had greater and equal to 1. It means that the higher RCA values correspond to the more stronger competitiveness. Namely, the strength of the second group’s competitiveness was better than the first group.

Keywords:

Revealed Comparative Advantage Index, Competitiveness, Turkey,

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