Higher Yield and Economic Benefits for Wheat Planted in Conservation Till Systems

Korumalı toprak işleme sistemi üretim maliyetini azaltabilir; ürün yetiştirme sisteminde ekonomikçıktıların yanı sıra verimi de iyileştirebilir. Dört toprak işleme sistemi (geleneksel toprak işleme,azaltılmış toprak işleme, anıza ekim ve derin toprak işleme), toprak organik madde, besinkonsantrasyonları, verim, verim ilgili özellikleri ve buğdayda ekonomik faydalar üzerindeki etkileribakımından değerlendirildi. Deneme, Pakistan Faisalabad Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsünde 2010-2011yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Mahsulün hasatına doğru yapılan toprak analizi sonuçlarında organik maddeyanı sıra fosfor ve potasyum konsantrasyonları için deneysel birimler arasında istatistiksel varyasyonbelirlenememiştir. Korumalı toprak işleme sistemleri (anıza ekim (AE) ve azaltılmış toprak işleme(ATİ)), geleneksel toprak işleme sistemine (GTİ) göre, buğday veriminde istatistiki olarak daha yüksekbuğday verimine sahip olmuştur (sırasıyla 4457 kg/ha, 4449 kg/ha ve 4192 kg/ha). Buğdayda en yüksektane verimi (4566 kg/ha) derin toprak işleme sisteminde (DTİ) elde edilmesine rağmen, bu toprak işlemesisteminin net geliri (508 $), korumalı toprak işleme sistemleri (AE ve ATİ) net gelirinden daha düşükçıkmıştır. AE ve ATİ sistemleri en yüksek net getiri (sırasıyla 558 $ ve 535 $) ve fayda maliyet oranını(sırasıyla 2.02 ve 1.94) ulaşmıştır. En düşük net getirileri (445 $) ve fayda maliyet oranı (1.72) GTİsistemi için kaydedilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, korumalı toprak işleme sistemi yüksek buğday tahıl verimi veekonomik faydalarının sağlanmasında uygulanabilir.

Korumalı Toprak İşleme Sistemlerinde Yetiştirilen Buğday için Daha Yüksek Verim ve Ekonomik Faydalar

Conservation till system can reduce the cost of production; improve yield as well as theeconomic outputs of a cropping system. Four tillage systems (The conventional tillage, reduced tillage,zero tillage, and deep tillage) were evaluated for their effects on soil organic matter, nutrientsconcentrations, yield, yield related traits and economic benefits in wheat crop. The experiment wasconducted at the Agronomic Research Institute Faisalabad, Pakistan during 2010-11. Soil analysis carriedout towards the harvest of the crop depicted no statistical variation among the experimental units fororganic matter as well as phosphorus and potassium concentrations. Wheat sown under conservation tillsystems [zero till (ZT) and reduced till (RT)] had significantly higher grain yield (4457 and 4449 kg ha-1 ,respectively) than the wheat planted in conventional till system (CT) (4192 kg ha-1). Although, the highestgrain yield (4566 kg ha-1) was recorded for wheat plots sown after deep tillage, this treatment had lowernet returns (US$ 508) than the ones gained in conservation till systems (ZT and RT). ZT and RT systemsattained the highest net returns (US$ 558 and 535, respectively) and benefit cost ratio (2.02 and 1.94,respectively). The lowest net returns (US$ 445) and benefit cost ratio (1.72) were recorded for CT system.In conclusion, conservation tillage can be practiced to harness higher wheat grain yields and economicbenefits.

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