Elma Islahında ve Çeşit Yönetiminde Yenilikçi Eğilimler

Son yıllarda dünyada çeşit tanıtımı ve yönetimi oldukça değişmiştir. Meyve endüstrisinde giderek artan rekabet yeni çeşitlerin potansiyel değerini almasını ve korumasını zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmada, elma ıslahındaki ilerlemeler, sektörün motivasyonunu etkileyen faktörler, ıslahçı hakları, ticari markalar gibi konulara ışık tutmak ve bunların elma endüstrisini nasıl şekillendirdiğini açıklamak amaçlanmıştır. Sürekli büyüyen bir sektörde yeni çeşitlerin başarı sağlayabilmesi için dikkate alınması gereken birçok faktör vardır. Sektörün ihtiyaçlarını ve tüketicilerin istediklerini anlamak ve bu ikisi arasındaki dengeyi kurmak hayati önem taşımaktadır. Yeni çeşitlerin pazara girmeyi başarabilmeleri için mutlaka sosyal, ekonomik ve ekolojik açıdan üstünlüklerinin olması gerekmektedir. Gelinen noktada yeni çeşitlerin yönetiminde küresel yönetim ve markalaşma kaçınılmazdır. Dolayısıyla ıslah programları küresel sorunları göz önünde tutarak etkin ve verimli ticarileştirme planlarına hızla uyum sağlamak durumundadır. Bu çalışmanın elma ıslah programlarında etkinliği ve bilinci arttırarak, potansiyel risklerin dengelenmesinde faydalı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bitki ıslahçı hakları, Ticarileştirme, Meyve kalitesi, Melezleme

Innovational Trends in Apple Breeding and Cultivar Management

In recent years, the release and management of cultivars have changed considerably in the world. Increasing competition in the fruit industry makes harder of the potential and protect of new cultivar. Thus, this paper seeks to describe the advancement of apple breeding, the factors influenced the motivations of the industry, plant breeders’ rights, trademarks, and understand how they have shaped the apple industry today. In an industry that is constantly expanding, there are many factors that need to be taken into consideration in order to succeed of new cultivars. It is vital to understand the needs of the sector and what consumers want and to establish a balance between them. The new cultivars must have social, economic and ecological advantages to achieve entry into the market. At now global management and branding are inevitable in the management of new cultivars. Therefore, breeding programs must be quickly adapted to the efficient and effective commercialization programs taking into account global issues. This study may be useful in balancing potential risks by increasing efficiency and awareness in apple breeding programs.

Keywords:

Plant breeders’ rights, Commercialization, Fruit quality, Crosssing,

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