Stratejik İttifaklar: Türk İlaç Dağıtım Kanalından Bir Örnek

Son on yıl içinde yaşanan globalleşme trendi, hızlı teknolojik gelişmeler ve kaynakların kıtlığı gibi etkenler işletmeler için yeni bir rekabet çevresi yaratmıştır. Değişen pazar yapıları, işletmeleri, hayatta kalmak ve başarılı olmak amacıyla farklı stratejiler uygulamaya yöneltmiştir. Bu çalışmada stratejik ittifak kavramı, işletmeleri stratejik ittifak yapmaya yönlendiren nedenler ve stratejik ittifak türleri ile tarafların karşılaştıkları riskler üzerinde durulmuştur. Stratejik ittifak türleri, hisse temeline dayalı ittifaklar ve hisse temeline dayalı olmayan ittifaklar olmak üzere iki genel başlık altında toplanmıştır. Stratejik ittifaklarda üstlenilmesi gereken riskler ilişkisel risk ve performans riski olarak ayrılmaktadır. Çalışmanın araştırma kısmında; Türk ilaç dağıtım kanalında lider pozisyonunda olan bir işletmenin uluslararası yabancı bir firma ile gerçekleştirdiği başarılı bir stratejik ittifak uygulaması örnek olarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, birincil ve ikincil kaynaklardan veriler elde edilerek betimsel analiz ve içerik analizi uygulanmış ve bulgular yorumlanarak sunulmuştur.

Strategic Alliances: An Example in Turkish Medicine Distribution Channel

In the past ten years, factors such as globalisation, rapid technological developments and limited resources have created a new competitive environment for firms. Those changing markets led companies to have to implement several strategies to survive and to excel. In this study, we examine strategic alliance concept, reasons of strategic alliance, types of strategic alliances and some risks of partners in alliances. We are interested just in two types of strategic alliances in this study: Equity alliances and non - equity alliances. Partners in the strategic alliances face two types of risks: Relational risk and performance risk. In the research part of the study; we examine the strategic alliance between the leader company in the Turkish medicine distribution channel and an international company. We combine primary and secondary data and use descriptive and content analysis methods. Finally findings from the study are interpreted.

___

  • ALLIANCE UNICHEM (çevrimiçi) http://www.alliance-unichem.com, 28.02.2003
  • AMESSE Fernand, Robert Latour ve dig., 2003, "The Telecommunications Equipment Industry in the 1990s: From Alliances to Mergers and Acqusitions",Technovation, (çevrimiçi:) www.elsevier.com/locate/technovation, 20.05.2003
  • CULLEN, Penny - Anne, 2000, " Contracting, Co-operative Relations and Extended Enterprise",Tecbnovation, Vol: 20, s: 363-372.
  • CHEN Chung- Jen, 2003, "The Effects of Environment and Partner Characteristics on The Choice of Alliance Forms", International Journal Of Project Management, 21, s : 115-124.
  • DAS, T.K., Bing-Shen Teng, 2001(a), "A RiskPerception Model of Alliance Structuring', Journal OfInternational Management, 7, s: 1-29.
  • DAS, T.K., Bing-Shen Teng, 2001(b), "RelationalRisk and Its Personal Correlates in Strategic Alliances", Journal Of Business And Psychology.15.N0.3, s: 449-465
  • DAS, T.K., Bing-Shen Teng, 1998, "Resource and Risk Management Strategic Alliance Making Process", Journal Of Management, Vol.24, No.1, s: 21-420
  • DAS, T.K., Bing-Shen Teng, 2000, "A Resource-Based Theory of Strategic Alliances", Journal Of Management, Vol.26, No.1, s: 31 -61.
  • ELMUTI, Dean, Yunus Kathawala, 2001, "An Overwiew of Strategic Alliance", Management Decision, 39/3, s: 205-217.
  • GEBREKIDAN, D. ABRAHA, G. Baffour Awuah, 2002, Strategic Alliances", Industrial Marketing, Vol.31, I.8, s:679-693.
  • GULATI, R., 1995, "Does Familiarity Breed Trust? The implications of repeated Ties for Contractual Choice in aliences,Academy of Journal, vol.38, no.1,s:85-112
  • GULATI, R., 1998, " Alliances and Networks",Strategic Management Journal, 19, s: 293-317.
  • HARRIGAN, Kathryn R. 1999, The International of The Firm, Eds: PJ. Buckley ve P.N. Ghauri,International Thomson Business Press, 2. Edi. London.
  • HEDEF SAĞLIK , 2001, Nisan, s: 6-7.
  • HITT, Michael A., R. DUANE Ireland, Robert E.Hoskisson, 1999, Strategic Management, South -Western College Publishing, 3. Edi., U.S.A.
  • HITT, Michael A., R. Duane Ireland, Robert E.Hoskisson, 2001, Strategic Management: Competitivenessand Globalization, South - Western College Publishing, 4.Edi., U.S.A.
  • IRELAND, R. Duane, A.Michael Hitt, 2002,"Alliance Management As a Source of Competitive Advantage", Journal of Management, Vol:156, s: 1-35.
  • KALE, Prashant, Jeffrey DYER, Harbir SING, 2001, "Value Creation and Success in Strategic Alliance: Alliancing Skills and The Role of Alliance Structure and Systems", Europen Management Journal, Vol.19, No.5, s: 463-471
  • KARASAR, Niyazi, 1994, Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi, 3A Araştırma Eğitim Danışmanlık Ltd., 5. Basım, Ankara.
  • KOÇEL, Tamer 2001, İşletme Yöneticiliği, Beta Basım Yayım Dağıtım, 8. Bası, İstanbul.
  • KOZA, Mitchell, Arie Lewin, 2000, "Managing Partnerships and Strategic Alliances: Raising The Odds of Success", European Management Journal, Vol.18, No:2, s: 146-151.
  • LI, Ji, Kevin Lam, Gongming Qian, 2001, "Does Culture Affect Behavior and Performance of Firms? The case of Joint Ventures in China", Journal of international Business Studies, 1, s: 115-131.
  • MENDELHAL, Mark, Betty Jane Punnet, David Ricks, 1995, Global Management; Blackwell Publishers, Cambridge.
  • MICHAEL, Steven C. 2002, "Can a Franchise Chain Coordinate", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol:17, 325-341.
  • NARULA, Rajneesh, John Hagedoorn, 1999, "Innovating Through Strategic Alliances: Moving Towards International Partnerships and Contractual Agreements", Technovation, 19, s:283-294.
  • PANKAR, Nitin, Saul Klein, 2001, "The Impacts of Alliance Purpose and Partner Similarity on Alliance Governance", Brush Journal of Management, Vol.12, s: 341-353.
  • ROBOY, Daniel, Carol A. Sales, 1994, Designing Organizations, Irwin, 4. Edi. lllionis.
  • SANCAK, Ethem, 2001, Hedef Sağlık, Kasım, s: 27-29.
  • SPEKMAN, Robert E., Thedore M. Forbes, lynn A. Isabella, Thomas G. Macavoy, 1998, "Alliance Management: A View From The Past And a Look to The Future", Journal of Management Studies, 35, 6, s:747-772.
  • SUAREZ-VILLA, Luis, 1998, "TAe Structures of Cooperation: Downscaling, Outsourcing and The Networked Alliance", Small Business Economics, 10, s:5-16.
  • TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATES AND ALLIANCES (1999), (Çevrimiçi) http://vecltd.org/techas/formation.html.; Dean Elmuti, Yunus Kathawala, 2001, "An Overwiew of Strategic Alliance", Management Decision, 39/3, s:205-217.
  • YILDIRIM, Ali, Hasan Şimşek, 2000, Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2. Baskı, Ankara.
  • YOSHINO, Michael Y., U. Srinivasa Rangan, 2000, Stratejik İttifaklar; Küreselleşmeye Müteşebbis Yaklaşan, Ed: Yaşar Bülbül, Alfa Yayınları, İstanbul.