60 Yaş ve Üzeri Kişilerin Covid 19 Pandemisinde Videokonferans Yoluyla Uygulanan Eğitim ve Destek Programı Hakkında Görüşleri

60 yaş ve üzeri kişilere aktif ve sağlıklı yaşlanmayı öğretmeyi amaçlayan Fethiye Tazelenme Üniversitesi 2019 yılında eğitim hayatına başlamış bir sosyal sorumluluk projesidir. Proje hayat boyu öğrenme kapsamında yapılandırılmış bir “Üçüncü Yaş Üniversitesi” modelidir. Covid 19 pandemisinde yaşlılar hastalık ve ölüm oranları açısından en riskli grup olmuş, uygulanan sosyal izolasyon ve karantina tedbirlerinin olumsuz etkilerinden en çok yaşlılar etkilenmiştir. Bu nedenle Fethiye Tazelenme Üniversitesi pandemi öncesi dönemde yüz yüze sürdürdüğü faaliyetlerini, pandemi ile birlikte videokonferans eğitim ve destek programı olarak yapılandırmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı, bu programa katılan 60 yaş ve üzeri öğrencilerin programa ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırma; tanımlayıcı tiptedir. Programa devam eden 66 kişi örnekleme alınmıştır. Veriler 30 Haziran -14 Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında online anket ile toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 22 programında sayı ve yüzdelik hesaplamalar kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgulara göre; katılımcıların %81,8’inin daha önce online eğitim programına katılmadığı, %89,4’ünün uygulanan programına katılmaktan “çok” düzeyde memnun olduğu, %69,7’sinin Zoom programını kurmakta, %83,3’ünün programı kullanmakta, %70,8’inin derste soru sormakta zorlanmadığını belirlenmiştir. Tüm dersler için yüksek oranda “çok” düzeyde memnuniyet belirtilmiştir. Memnuniyetin en yüksek olduğu dersler yabancı dil dersleridir. Videokonferans programının; özellikle yeni bilgiler öğrenme (%92,0), covid 19 ile ilgili doğru ve güvenilir bilgiye sahip olma (%83,7), bilişsel (%80,3), ruhsal (%77) ve sosyal destek sağlama (%76,2), sosyal iletişimi artırma (%73,8) fiziksel olarak daha aktif olma (% 73,8) başlıklarında “çok” düzeyde olumlu katkı sağladığı belirtmiştir. Sonuç olarak; videokonferans eğitim ve destek programına katılan yaşlıların programdan “çok” memnun oldukları görülmüştür. Uygulanan program; dijital yeteneklerini geliştirirken, aynı zamanda ihtiyaçlarına uygun öğrenme imkânı, pandemi ile ilgili doğru ve güvenilir bilgiye ulaşma, bilişsel, ruhsal, sosyal ve fiziksel açılardan “çok” düzeyde olumlu katkı sağlamıştır. İhtiyaçlarına uygun olarak yapılandırılmış videokonferans programların, yaşlılar tarafından ilgiyle takip edileceğini düşünüyoruz. Özellikle sosyal izolasyon yaşayan yaşlıların desteklenmesinde her dönemde önemli bir unsur olabileceği kanısındayız.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Covid 19 pandemisi, yaşlı, video konferans eğitim destek programı

Opinions of People Aged 60 and Over on the Training and Support Program Applied Through Video Conference in the Covid 19 Pandemic

Fethiye Refreshment University; which aims to teach active and healthy aging to people aged 60 and over, is a social responsibility project that started its education life in 2019. The project is a structured "Third Age University" model within the scope of lifelong learning. In the Covid 19 pandemic, the elderly were the most risky group in terms of disease and death rates, and the elderly were most affected by the negative effects of the social isolation and quarantine measures applied. For this reason, Fethiye Refreshment University has structured its face-to-face activities in the pre-pandemic period as a videoconference training and support program together with the pandemic. The aim of the research is to determine the opinions of the students aged 60 and over who participated in this program. Research; is of descriptive type. 66 people attending the program were sampled. Data were collected by online survey between 30 June -14 July 2021. The data were evaluated by using number and percentage calculations in SPSS 22 program. According to the findings; 81,8% of the participants had not participated in the online training program before, 89,4% were “very” satisfied with participating in the applied program, 69,7% were establishing the Zoom program, 83,3% were using the program, It was determined that 70,8 of them had no difficulty in asking questions in the lesson. A high “very” level of satisfaction was noted for all courses. The courses with the highest satisfaction are foreign language courses. Videoconference program; especially learning new information (92,0%), having accurate and reliable information about covid 19 (83,7%), cognitive (80,3%), mental (77%) and social support (76,2%) ) stated that they made a “very” positive contribution in increasing social communication (73,8%) and being more physically active (73,8%). As a result; It was observed that the elderly who participated in the videoconference training and support program were “very” satisfied with the program. The applied program; While improving their digital skills, it also made a “very” positive contribution in terms of cognitive, spiritual, social and physical aspects, as well as the opportunity to learn according to their needs, access to accurate and reliable information about the pandemic. We think that videoconference programs structured in accordance with their needs will be followed with interest by the elderly. We believe that it can be an important element in every period in supporting the elderly, especially those who experience social isolation.

Keywords:

Covid 19 pandemic, elderly, videoconference education support program,

PDF

___

Adnan, M, Kocatürk Kapucu, N., Yakar, A., Köşk, U. C., & Özbek, Ç. (2021). 65 Yaş Üstü Kadınlara Dijital Yetkinlik Kazandırılmasına Yönelik Bir Öğretim Tasarımı. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 22(2), 57–76. https://doi.org/10.12984/egeefd.957120
Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı(2021). 2021 yılı itibarıyla 6 Tazelenme Üniversitesinde toplamda 5.665 yaşlımıza eğitim veriliyor. https://aile.gov.tr/haberler/bakanimiz-derya-yanik-2021-yili-itibariyla-6-tazelenme-universitesinde-toplamda-5665-yaslimiza-egitim-veriliyor/#:~:text=Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanımız Derya Yanık%2C “2021 yılı itibarıyla,ile daha protokol aşamasına geldi
Armitage, R., & Nellums, L. B. (2020). COVID-19 and the consequences of isolating the elderly. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30061-X
Arslan, E., & Ercan, S. (2020). Significance of Exercise During COVID-19 Pandemic and Social Distancing. Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine, 55(2), 188–191. https://doi.org/10.5152/tjsm.2020.190
Aubertin-Leheudre, M., & Rolland, Y. (2020). The Importance of Physical Activity to Care for Frail Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 21(7), 973–976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.04.022
Bailey, L., Ward, M., DiCosimo, A., Baunta, S., Cunningham, C., Romero-Ortuno, R., Kenny, R. A., Purcell, R., Lannon, R., McCarroll, K., Nee, R., Robinson, D., Lavan, A., & Briggs, R. (2021). Physical and mental health of older people while cocooning during the COVID-19 pandemic. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, January, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcab015
Balay Tuncer, B. (2021). Dijital İletişim, Dijital Eşitsizlik ve Yaşlanma: Kovid-19 Süreci ile Yaşanan Dijital Bölüme ve Uçurumlar Üzerine. Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Akademi Dergisi, 3(6), 1339–1369. https://doi.org/10.47994/usbad.933056
Banerjee, D. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on elderly mental health. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 35(12), 1466–1467. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5320
Beatty, L., & Lambert, S. (2013). A systematic review of internet-based self-help therapeutic interventions to improve distress and disease-control among adults with chronic health conditions. Clinical Psychology Review, 33(4), 609–622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2013.03.004
Berg-Weger, M., & Morley, J. E. (2020). Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Gerontological Social Work. Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, 24(5), 456–458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-020-1366-8
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence [Elsevier Ltd]. In The Lancet (Vol. 395, Issue 10227). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
Carriedo, A., Cecchini, J. A., Fernandez-Rio, J., & Méndez-Giménez, A. (2020). COVID-19, Psychological Well-being and Physical Activity Levels in Older Adults During the Nationwide Lockdown in Spain. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28(11), 1146–1155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.08.007
CDC. (2020). Older Adults Risks and Vaccine Information. [Internet]. 2020. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/aging/covid19/covid19-older-adults.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019-ncov%2Fneed-extra-precautions%2Folder-adults.html
Chang, E. S., & Levy, B. R. (2021). High Prevalence of Elder Abuse During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Risk and Resilience Factors. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 29(11), 1152–1159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2021.01.007
Chen, Y. R. R., & Schulz, P. J. (2016). The effect of information communication technology interventions on reducing social isolation in the elderly: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 18(1), e18. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.4596
Courtin, E., & Knapp, M. (2017). Social isolation, loneliness and health in old age: a scoping review. Health and Social Care in the Community, 25(3), 799–812. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12311
Dear, B. F., Zou, J. B., Ali, S., Lorian, C. N., Johnston, L., Terides, M. D., Staples, L. G., Gandy, M., Fogliati, V. J., Klein, B., & Titov, N. (2015). Examining self-guided internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for older adults with symptoms of anxiety and depression: Two feasibility open trials. Internet Interventions, 2(1), 17–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2014.11.002
Deveoğlu, M. (2021). Salgin hastaliklarin yaşlilar üzeri̇ndeki̇ etki̇leri̇. Journal Of Socıal, Humanıtıes And Admınıstratıve Scıences, 7(38), 490–497. https://doi.org/: http://dx.doi.org/10.31589/JOSHAS.561
Duran, H. (2020). Devletleri̇n koronavi̇rüsle karşılaştırmalı mücadele stratejileri. SETA Yayınları, 317, 1–24.
Galea, S., Tracy, M., & Norris, F. H. (2020). Differences in the determinants of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression after a mass traumatic event. JAMA Internal Medicine, 180(6), 817–881. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20838
Ghram, A., Briki, W., Mansoor, H., Al-Mohannadi, A. S., Lavie, C. J., & Chamari, K. (2021). Home-based exercise can be beneficial for counteracting sedentary behavior and physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults. In Postgraduate Medicine (Vol. 133, Issue 5, pp. 469–480). https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.2020.1860394
Goethals, L., Barth, N., Guyot, J., Hupin, D., Celarier, T., & Bongue, B. (2020). Impact of home quarantine on physical activity among older adults living at home during the COVID-19 pandemic: Qualitative interview study. JMIR Aging, 3(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.2196/19007
Gunes Gencer, G. Y., Özgür, Ö., Dinç, S., & Nakajıma, H. (2021). Online Exercise Program for Elderly During Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic. OPUS Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.934919
Harridge, S. D. R., & Lazarus, N. R. (2020). Physical Activity, Aging, and Physiological Function. Physiology, 152–161. https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00029.2016
İç İşleri Bakanlığı. (2020). 65 Yaş ve Üstü ile Kronik Rahatsızlığı Olanlara Sokağa Çıkma Yasağı Genelgesi. In Https://Www.Icisleri.Gov.Tr/ (pp. 1–2).
İç İşleri Bakanlığı. (2021). Haziran Ayı Normalleşme Tedbirleri Genelgesi 01.06.2021.
Jeong H, Yim H, Song Y, Ki M, Min J, Cho J, & Chae J. (2016). Mental health status of people isolated due to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. Epidemiology and Health, 38, 1–7. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016048
Jiménez-Pavón, D., Carbonell-Baeza, A., & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Physical exercise as therapy to fight against the mental and physical consequences of COVID-19 quarantine: Special focus in older people. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 63(3), 386–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.03.009
Johns Hopkins CSSE. (2020). COVID-19 Dashboard. In Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases by Johns Hopkins CSSE (p. 1).
Kaya Ciddi, P., & Yazgan, E. (2020). COVİD-19 Salgininda Sosyalİzolasyon SirasindFi̇zi̇kseAkti̇vi̇te Durumunun YaşaKali̇tesi̇Üzeri̇nEtki̇si̇. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(37), 262–279.
Kılınçel, O., Muratdağı, G., Aydın, A., Öksüz, A., Atadağ, Y. B., Etçioğlu, E., & Özen, F. (2020). The anxiety and loneliness levels of geriatric population in-home quarantine during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 23, 7–14. https://doi.org/10.5505/kpd.2020.04382
Lavie, C. J., Ozemek, C., Carbone, S., Katzmarzyk, P. T., & Blair, S. N. (2019). Sedentary Behavior, Exercise, and Cardiovascular Health. Circulation Research, 124(5), 799–815. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.312669
Mahmure Nur BAYRAM, & Arıcı, A. (2014). Yaşlılıkta Dijital Çağı Yakalamak. Ufkun Ötesi Bilim Dergisi, 21(2), 367–390. https://doi.org/Doi: https://doi.org/10.54961/uobild.1038116
McGinty, E. E., Presskreischer, R., Han, H., & Barry, C. L. (2020). Psychological Distress and Loneliness Reported by US Adults in 2018 and April 2020. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 324(1), 93–94. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.9740
Novotney, A. (2019). The risks of social isolation. In Monıtor On Psychology (Vol. 50, Issue 5, p. 32).
Özdin, S., & Bayrak Özdin, Ş. (2020). Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66(5), 504–511. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020927051
Peeri, N. C., Shrestha, N., Siddikur Rahman, M., Zaki, R., Tan, Z., Bibi, S., Baghbanzadeh, M., Aghamohammadi, N., Zhang, W., & Haque, U. (2021). The SARS, MERS and novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics, the newest and biggest global health threats: what lessons have we learned? International Journal of Epidemiology, 49(3), 717–726. https://doi.org/10.1093/IJE/DYAA033
Boktor SW, Hafner JW. Influenza. 2022 Jul 18. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan–. PMID: 29083802.
Sepúlveda-Loyola-Rodríguez, Pérez-Rodrígue, S.-P., F. Ganz, R. T., Olıveıra, D. V., & Rodriguez-Mañas, L. (2020). Impact of Social Isolation Due To Covid-19 on Health in Older People: Mental and Physical Effects and Recommendations. J Nutr Health Aging, 27. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1007/s12603-020-1469-2
Shapira, S., Yeshua-Katz, D., Cohn-Schwartz, E., Aharonson-Daniel, L., Sarid, O., & Clarfield, A. M. (2021). A pilot randomized controlled trial of a group intervention via Zoom to relieve loneliness and depressive symptoms among older persons during the COVID-19 outbreak. Internet Interventions, 24, 100368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2021.100368
Şirin, H., Ergüder, T., & Ahmadi, A. A. (2020). Dünyada Salgın Tarihçesi. Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Dergisi, 1(2), 87–97. https://doi.org/10.54247/soyd.2020.10
Spijkerman, M. P. J., Pots, W. T. M., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2016). Effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions in improving mental health: A review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clinical Psychology Review, 45, 102–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.03.009
Sun, F., Norman, I. J., & While, A. E. (2013). Physical activity in older people- a systematic review | BMC Public Health | Full Text. BMC Public Health, 13(449), 1–17.
T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Covid 19 Bilgilendirme Platformu. (2020). Yayınlar: COVID-19 Sözlüğü; Pandemi.
Topeli İskit, A., Uzun, Ö., & Durusu Tanrıöver, M. (2021). Covıd-19 Pandemi Raporu(20 Mart-20 Kasım 2020).
Tsai, H. H., & Tsai, Y. F. (2011). Changes in depressive symptoms, social support, and loneliness over 1 year after a minimum 3-month videoconference program for older nursing home residents. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 13(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1678
Tsai, H. H., Tsai, Y. F., Wang, H. H., Chang, Y. C., & Chu, H. H. (2010). Videoconference program enhances social support, loneliness, and depressive status of elderly nursing home residents. Aging and Mental Health, 14(8), 947–954. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2010.501057
TÜBA. (2020). COVID-19 Değerlendirme Raporu (17 Nisan 2020). https://www.tuba.gov.tr/files/images/2020/kovidraporu/Covid-19%20Raporu-Final+.pdf
TUİK. (2021). İstatistiklerle Yaşlılar, 2020. In Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (p. 2). https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Kadin-2020-37221%0Ahttps://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Isgucu-Istatistikleri-Ocak-2021-37486%0Ahttps://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Girisimlerde-Bilisim-Teknolojileri-Kullanim-Arastirmasi-2018-2
UNFPA. (2020). Küresel Teknik Bilgi Notu COVID-19’un Yaşlılar Açısından Sonuçları: Salgına Müdahale: Vol. Mayıs.
Visser, M., Schaap, L. A., & Wijnhoven, H. A. H. (2020). Self-reported impact of the covid-19 pandemic on nutrition and physical activity behaviour in dutch older adults living independently. Nutrients, 12(12), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123708
WHO. (2010). Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health (Vol. 148). https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241599979
WHO Europe. (2020). WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. In WHO/Europe. https://reliefweb.int/report/world/who-announces-covid-19-outbreak-pandemic
World Health Organization. (2022). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. In Who (pp. 1–5). https://covid19.who.int/ (Erişim Tarihi:20.08.2022)
Worldmeter (2021). COVID Live Update. https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/(Erişim Tarihi:20.08.2021) Yurumez Korkmaz, B., Gemci, E., Cosarderelioglu, C., Yigit, S., Atmis, V., Yalcin, A., Varli, M., & Aras, S. (2021). Attitudes of a geriatric population towards risks about COVID-19 pandemic: in the context of anxiety and depression. Psychogeriatrics, 21(5), 730–737. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12731