MURAT BİLGÜVEN

Farklı düzeyde balık unu ve soya küspesi ile balık yağı veya soya yağı içeren yemlerin gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) besi performansı üzerine etkileri

Balık unu, protein yarayışlılığının yüksek olması nedeniyle, balık unu salmonid yemlerinde yüksek oranda kullanılmaktadır. Ancak fiyatının yüksek oluşu yanında her zaman bulunamaması, kalitesinin sıkça değişmesi ve saklama güçlüklerinin olması, balık yemlerinde kullanımını sınırlayan başlıca nedenlerdir. Balık ununa alternatif protein kaynağı olarak soya ve ürünleri, fiyatının ucuzluğu, bulunurluğu ve yetersiz olduğu besin madde unsurlarının tamamlanması halinde balık UQU proteinindeki esansiyel amino asit profiline en yakın kaynak olması nedeniyle, günümüzde balık yemlerinde, hemen hemen mutlaka kullanılan yem hammaddesi durumundadır. Özel bir işletmede ortalama canlı ağırlığı 75 g olan gökkuşağı alabalıkları ile 2x2 faktöriyel deneme deseninde ve 3 paralel halinde yürütülen bu çalışmada, iki farklı balık unu ve soya küspesi düzeyinin araştırılması yanında, test edilen yemlerde balık yağı ve soya yağının etkileri de araştırılmıştır. Rasyonlar izokalorik (ort. 3375 kcal SE/kg) ve izonitrojenik (ort. % 42 HP) olarak hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma sonunda, balık unu düzeyinin besi sonu canlı ağırlığını, besi boyunca canlı ağırlık artışını ve yemden yararlanma oranını önemli derecede etkilediği (P0.05) saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

balık beslenmesi, soya küspesi, soya yağı, besi performansı, canlı ağırlık, yemden yararlanma, gökkuşağı alabalığı, balık yağı

The effects of feeds containing fish oil or soybean oil at different levels of fish meal and soybean meal on the fattening performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum)

Fish meal has used in a large amount in salmonid diets because of its high protein bioavailability.On the other hand, the main reasons that restricted its use are some difficulties in their preservation, collection and also its high price as well as rare availability. Due to its common availability, cheap price and its similarity to fish meal by addition of the necessary supplements. As alternative protein source, soybean and soybean processing products become most commonly used feedstuff in replacement of fish meal. This study was performed in a commercial fish farm by using rainbow trout with 75 g of average live weight in 2x2 factorial trial patterns with 3 replicates. Two different levels of fish meal were investigated. On the other hand in feeds in which each level of fish meal used, the effects of fish oil and soybean oil were investigated. Trial diets were prepared to have an isocaloric (av. 3375 kcal DE/kg) and isonitrogenic (av. 42 % CP) values. As a result, we found that fish meal level significantly affected final live weight, throughout live weight gain during feeding and level of feed conversion rate (P<0.01) whereas feed oil source had no effect on these parameters (P>0.05).

Keywords:

fish feeding, soyabean oilmeal, soyabean oil, fattening performance, liveweight, feed conversion efficiency, rainbow trout, fish oils,

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