Tür çeşitliliğinin ekolojik açıdan önemi ve kullanılan bazı indisler

Tür çesitliliği alfa veya beta düzeyinde belirlenmektedir. Diğer çesitlilik düzeyleri, alfa ve beta çesitliliğinin farklı ölçeklerine denk gelmektedir. Alfa çesitliliği ortam içi, beta çesitliliği ise ortamlar arası hesaplanır. Fizyografik ve edafik faktörler tür çesitliliğini önemli ölçüde etkileyebilmektedir. Bu nedenle tür çesitliliğinin fizyografik ve edafik faktörlerle iliskilendirilmesi gerekir ki, buda ekolojinin konusudur. Bir ekosistem için tür çesitliliği ifadesi kullanıldığında; bitkiler, hayvanlar, böcekler, toprak mikroorganizmaları gibi bir çok canlı grubundan bahsedilmektedir. Bundan dolayı tür çesitliliğinin kalitatif ve kantitatif olarak belirlenmesi, botanik, entomoloji, zooloji gibi disiplinlerinin beraberce kombine ettikleri bir is olmaktadır. Ekoloji bilimi ise, bu çesitlilik değerlerini ortam faktörleri ile iliskilendirmeyi amaç edinmistir. Bu sayede, korumada öncelikli ortamlar, potansiyel olarak zengin tür çesitliliği olan sahalar, zaman içerisinde söz konusu ortamda tür çesitliliğindeki değisimler ve farklı etkilerin benzer ortamlarda tür çesitliliği üzerine etkileri belirlenebilmektedir

Importance of biodiversity from the ecological standpoint and some diversity indexes

Species diversity is determined as Alpha or Beta level. Other levels of diversity come up to different scales of the Alpha and Beta diversity. Alpha diversity is calculated intramedium, while Beta diversity is calculated inter-medium. Physiographic and edaphically factors affect species diversity significantly. For this reason, It is necessary that species diversity must be contacted with Physiographic and edaphically factors, which is an argument in ecology. When applied for species diversity expression instead of an ecosystem expression, a lot of alive groups such as plants, animals, insects, soil microorganism are mentioned. For this reason, to determine species diversity as qualitative and quantitative is an investigation combined by the disciplines such as botanic, entomology, zoology altogether. But Ecology intends to investigate relationships between this diversity dates and site factors. In this way, underlying areas in protection, areas having rich species diversity as potential, changes in species diversity with time and effects of different factors on species diversity in the similar environment can be determined.

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