Tip 2 Diyabetli Hastaların İnsülin Tedavisine Başlamaya Yönelik Algıları: Nitel İçerik Analizi

Amaç: İnsülin tedavisine başlama konusunda hastaların algılarını incelemek sağlık profesyonellerine daha derin bir anlayış sağlayabilir ve hastaların tedaviye uyumunu artırmak için uygun stratejilerin geliştirilmesinde rehberlik edebilir. Bu çalışma, insülin tedavisine başlama kararı verilen, daha önce hiç insülin tedavisi almamış tip 2 diyabet hastalarının insüline yönelik bakış açılarını derinlemesine incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırmada tanımlayıcı nitel araştırma tasarımı kullanıldı. Verilerin toplanmasında hasta soru formu ve görüşme formu kullanıldı. Yüz-yüze derinlemesine bireysel görüşmeler yapılarak araştırma verileri toplandı (n=14). Araştırma örnekleminin özelliklerini tanımlamak için ortalama, standart sapma ve frekans dağılımı kullanıldı. Ana temaları belirlemek için nitel içerik analizi yaklaşımı kullanıldı. Araştırmanın raporlanmasında nitel araştırmalar için birleştirilmiş kriterler kontrol listesi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 51,71±9,78 yıl idi. Hastaların çoğunluğu (%74,3) erkekti. Diyabet tanı alma yılı ortalaması 8,02 ± 5,06 yıl idi. Araştırmada (i) insülin gerçeğiyle yüzleşmek, (ii) insülin tedavisine bağımlı hale gelme (iii) insülin ile birlikte yaşamın her yönüyle değişmesi ve (iv) insülinin olumlu etkileri şeklinde dört ana tema belirlendi. Sonuç: Hastaların çoğunluğu insüline yönelik olumsuz algılara sahipti ve özellikle çalışma hayatı ve cinsel yaşamla ilgili önemli endişeler dile getirdiler. Diğer taraftan insülin tedavisine başlamanın, hastaları yaşamlarını daha sağlıklı ve daha güvenli bir şekilde sürdürme konusunda harekete geçirdiği belirlendi. İnsülin tedavisinin başlangıcında tip 2 diyabetli hastaların sağlık profesyonellerinden beklentilerinin araştırılması, tedavi sürecinin tüm yönleriyle daha iyi yönetilebilmesi için gereklidir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İnsülin, Tip 2 diyabet, Nitel araştırma, İçerik analizi, Hemşirelik.

Perceptions of Type 2 Diabetes Patients for Starting Insulin: A Qualitative Content Analysis

Aim: Examining perceptions about insulin may provide a deeper understanding of initiation to insulin therapy and guide healthcare professionals to develop suitable strategies to increase patient adherence. This study aimed to deeply elucidate perspectives of Turkish insulin-naive type 2 diabetes patients who were recently scheduled to receive insulin therapy. Material and Methods: A descriptive qualitative study design was utilized. The patient questionnaire and interview guide were used for data collection. Individual face-to-face interviews were performed (n=14). Mean, standard deviation, and percentages were utilized to define sample characteristics. A qualitative content analysis approach was employed to identify the key themes. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist were used as a guideline to report the study. Results: The mean age of the participants was 51.71 ± 9.78 years. Most participants were male (71.43%). The mean duration from diabetes diagnosis was 8.02 ± 5.06 years. The emerged themes included (i) facing the reality of insulin, (ii) attributions to dependence on insulin therapy, (iii) coming changes with the insulin in all aspects of life, and (iv) positive consequences of insulin. Conclusion: Patients had heavily negative perceptions regarding insulin and stated significant worries related to working and sexual life changes. On the other hand, starting insulin triggered patients to act for maintaining life in a healthier, better, and safer way. Investigating the expectations of patients with type 2 diabetes from health care providers at the beginning of insulin therapy is needed to better manage all aspects of the treatment process.

Keywords:

Insulin, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Qualitative research, Content analysis, Nursing,

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