Hasan Erkan KILINÇ, Aynur Ayşe KARADUMAN

Sağlıklı Genç Yetişkinlerde Vücut Kütle İndeksi ve Boyun Mekaniği İlişkisinin İncelenmesi: Tek Merkezli Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, normal sınırların üzerindeki vücut kitle indeksinin, mekanik boyun ağrısına zemin hazırlayan faktörler olarak kabul edilen baş ileri poziyonu ve derin servikal fleksör kasların enduransı üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Yöntem: Vücut Kütle İndeksleri (VKİ) 19.9 kg /m2 and 24.9 kg /m2 arasında olan yirmi dört birey (ortalama yaş: 20.50 ± 2.02 yıl) Normal Vücut Kütle İndeksi grubuna (N-VKİ grubu), Vücut Kütle İndeksleri (VKİ) 24.9 kg /m2 üzerinde olan 24 birey (ortalama yaş: 24.41 ± 2.90 yıl) Aşırı kilolu-Obes grubuna dahil edildi (AK-O grubu). Baş ileri postürünü tespit etmek için, bireylerin Kranioservikal Açıları (KSA) dijital olarak ölçüldü. Derin servikal fleksör kasların enduransını ölçmek için Derin Servikal Fleksör Kasların Endurans Testi (DSFKE) kullanıldı. Bulgular: AK-O grubunun KSA değerleri N-VKİ grubuna göre statistiksel olarak daha düşüktü (p=0.043). Bu durum da artmış baş ileri postürünü işaret etmekteydi. Gruplar arasında derin servikal fleksör kasların enduransında istatistiksel olarak fark yoktu (p=0.817). Çalışmaya katılan tüm bireylerin VKİ ile KSA değerleri arasında negative yönde orta düzey korelasyon bulundu (p = 0.012, r= -0.503). VKİ ile DSKE arasında bir korelasyon yoktu (p=0.887, r = 0.031). Sonuç: Aşırı kilolu ve obez gençlerin mekenik boyun ağrısı ve çeşitli servikal patolojiler açısından risk grubunda olduğu bilmek, postural düzgünlük egzersizleri ve kilo control stratejileri gibi önleyici yaklaşımlar hakkında farkındalığın artaması için çok önemli bir rol oynamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Boyun Ağrısı, Obesite, Postür, Boyun Kasları

Investigation of Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Neck Biomechanics in Healty Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Single Center

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the effects of body mass index above normal limits on forward head posture and deep cervical flexor muscle endurance, which are considered to be predisposing factors of mechanical neck pain. Methods: Twenty-four individuals (mean age of 20.50 ± 2.02 years) with a body mass index (BMI) between 19.9 kg /m2 and 24.9 kg /m2 were included in the Normal Body Mass Index (N-BMI group) and 24 individuals with a BMI over 24.9 kg /m2 (mean age of 24.41 ± 2.90 years) were included in the Owerweight-Obese (OW-O group). Cranicervical Angles (CCA) of individuals was measured digitally to determine forward head posture. Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Endurance Test (DCFMET) was used for endurance of deep cervical flexor muscles. Results: The CCA values of the OW-O group were less than in the N-BMI group, indicating an increased forward head posture (p = 0.043). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of the endurance of the deep cervical flexor muscles between the groups (p = 0.817). A moderate negative correlation was found between the BMI values and CCA of all individuals participating in the study (p = 0.012, r= -0.503). There was no correlation between BMI and DCFMET (p=0.887, r = 0.031). Conclusion: Knowing that overweight and obese young people are in the risk group for mechanical neck pain and various cervical pathologies, plays a very important role in increasing awareness about preventive approaches such as postural correction exercises and weight management strategies.

Keywords:

Neck Pain, Obesity, Posture, Necl Muscles,

PDF

___

Referans1 Borga M, West J, Bell JD, et al. Advanced body composition assessment: from body mass index to body composition profiling. J Investig Med. 2018;66:1-9.
Referans2 Global Health Observatory (GHO) data: World Health Organisation 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/gho/ncd/risk_factors/overweight/en/.
Referans3 Hoy DG, Protani M, De R, et al. The epidemiology of neck pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2010;24:783-792.
Referans. Genebra C, Maciel NM, Bento TPF, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with neck pain: a population-based study. Braz J Phys Ther. 2017;21:274-280.
Refarans5 O'Leary S, Falla D, Jull G. The relationship between superficial muscle activity during the cranio-cervical flexion test and clinical features in patients with chronic neck pain. Man Ther. 2011;16:452-455.
Rerafans6 Blomgren J, Strandell E, Jull G, et al. Effects of deep cervical flexor training on impaired physiological functions associated with chronic neck pain: a systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2018;19:415.
Referans7 Montero-Fernandez N, Serra-Rexach JA. Role of exercise on sarcopenia in the elderly. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2013;49:131-143.
Referans8 Cho CY. Survey of faulty postures and associated factors among Chinese adolescents. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2008;31:224-229.
Referans9 Dunleavy K, Goldberg A. Comparison of cervical range of motion in two seated postural conditions in adults 50 or older with cervical pain. J Man Manip Ther. 2013;21:33-39.
Referans10 Paksaichol A, Janwantanakul P, Purepong N, et al. Office workers' risk factors for the development of non-specific neck pain: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies. Occup Environ Med. 2012;69:610-618.
Refarns11 Lauche R, Wayne PM, Fehr J, et al. Does postural awareness contribute to exercise-induced improvements in neck pain intensity? A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial evaluating Tai Chi and neck exercises. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2017;42:1195-1200.
Referans12 Bosco C, Zanon S, Rusko H, et al. The influence of extra load on the mechanical behavior of skeletal muscle. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1984;53:149-154.
Referans13 Aslan E, Karaduman A, Yakut Y, et al. The cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of neck disability index in patients with neck pain: a Turkish version study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008;33:E362-365.
Referans14. Lau HM, Chiu TT, Lam TH. Measurement of craniovertebral angle with Electronic Head Posture Instrument: Criterion validity. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2010;47:911-918.
Referans15 Olson LE, Millar AL, Dunker J, et al. Reliability of a clinical test for deep cervical flexor endurance. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2006;29:134-138.
Referans16 Sun F, Wang LJ, Wang L. Effects of weight management program on postural stability and neuromuscular function among obese children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2015;16:143.
Referans17 Macialczyk-Paprocka K, Stawinska-Witoszynska B, Kotwicki T, et al. Prevalence of incorrect body posture in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. Eur J Pediatr. 2017;176:563-572.
Referans18 Son SM. Influence of obesity on postural stability in young adults. Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2016;7:378-381.
Referans19 Iqbal ZA, Rajan R, Khan SA, et al. Effect of deep cervical flexor muscles training using pressure biofeedback on pain and disability of school teachers with neck pain. J Phys Ther Sci. 2013;25:657-661.
Referans20 Jull GA, Falla D, Vicenzino B, et al. The effect of therapeutic exercise on activation of the deep cervical flexor muscles in people with chronic neck pain. Man Ther. 2009;14:696-701.
Referans21 McLean SM, May S, Klaber-Moffett J, et al. Risk factors for the onset of non-specific neck pain: a systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2010;64:565-572.
Referans22. Patrick K, Marshall SJ, Davila EP, et al. Design and implementation of a randomized controlled social and mobile weight loss trial for young adults (project SMART). Contemp Clin Trials. 2014;37:10-18.