Ceylan ŞENER, Halil Erhan EROĞLU

The in vitro determination of genotoxicity in peripheral lymphocytes of welders exposed to fumes from metal arc welding

Gas metal arc welding is a widely used method in many industrial areas. In this study, the peripheral blood lymphocytes of 23 welders and 25 nonexposed subjects were monitored for genotoxicity. Materials and methods: The blood samples obtained from the subjects were incubated with a culture medium at 37 °C for 72 h. Cytochalasin-B and BrdU were added for micronucleus and replication index. After incubation, the cultures were harvested, stained, and examined. Results: The micronucleus rate (2.165 ± 1.645) of the welders was quite higher than that of those not exposed (1.352 ± 0.978) (P < 0.01). There was a significant difference between micronucleus rates of smoking and nonsmoking subjects. It was found that as the time of exposure to welding fumes increased, so did the micronucleus rates (2.938 ± 1.723) (P < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between micronucleus frequency and age. The replication index rate (1.026 ± 0.020) of the welders was higher than that of those not exposed (1.019 ± 0.016) (P = 0.01). Conclusion: It is advised that welders who work with gas metal arc welding be instructed and that necessary protective measures be taken because of the risk caused by metal arc welding fumes.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Gas metal arc welding, micronucleus, replication index, welder

The in vitro determination of genotoxicity in peripheral lymphocytes of welders exposed to fumes from metal arc welding

Keywords:

Key words: Gas metal arc welding, micronucleus, replication index, welder,

PDF

___

Bağcı H, Bağcı G, Açıkbaş İ, Demir G. In vitro testing for genotoxicity of 4-CPA by sister chromatid exchange in human lymphocyte culture. Turk J Med Sci 2005; 35: 75–8.
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans: Chromium, Nickel and Welding. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 1990. p.447–525.
Morgan WKC. On welding, wheezing, and whimsy. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1989; 50: 59–69.
Tuschl H, Weber E, Kovac R. Investigations on immune parameters in welders. J Appl Toxicol 1997; 17: 377–83.
Buerke U, Schneider J, Rosler J, Woitowitz HJ. Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis after severe exposure to welding fumes. Am J Ind Med 2002; 41: 259–68.
Martin CJ, Guidotti TL, Langaård S. Respiratory hazards of welding. Clin Pulm Med 1998; 4: 194–204.
Lee CR, Ryu CI, Lee JH, Kang JH, Kang SK, Yang JS et al. Nasal septum perforation of welders. Korean J Occup Environ Med 1998; 10: 404–11.
Ağar G, Aslan A, Sarıoğlu EK, Alpsoy L, Çeker S. Protective activity of the methanol extract of Usnea longissima against oxidative damage and genotoxicity caused by aflatoxin B1 in vitro. Turk J Med Sci 2011; 41: 1043–9.
Tatar A, Özkurt Z, Hacımüftüoğlu A, Yeşilyurt A, Vançelik S. Evaluation of ribavirin genotoxicity with sister chromatid exchange and micronuclei assays in humans. Turk J Med Sci 2009; 39: 241–6.
İkbal M, Doğan H, Odabaş H, Pirim İ. Genotoxic evaluation of the antibacterial drug, ciprofloxacin, in cultured lymphocytes of patients with urinary tract infection. Turk J Med Sci 2004; 34: 309–13.
Gülçe İz S, Deliloğlu Gürhan Sİ, Şen BH, Endoğan T, Hasırcı N. Comparison of in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of MMAbased polymeric materials and various metallic materials. Turk J Med Sci 2010; 40: 905–16.
Knudsen LE, Boisen T, Christensen JM, Jelnes JE, Jensen GE, Jensen JC et al. Biomonitoring of genotoxic exposure among stainless steel welders. Mutat Res 1992; 279: 129–43.
Jelmert Ø, Hansteen IL, Langård S. Chromosome damage in lymphocytes of stainless steel welders related to past and current exposure to manual metal arc welding fumes. Mutat Res 1994; 320: 223–33.
Iarmarcovai G, Sari-Minodier I, Orsière T, De Méo M, Gallice P, Bideau C et al. A combined analysis of XRCC1, XRCC3, GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and centromere content of micronuclei in welders. Mutagenesis 2006; 21: 159–65.
Lou J, Zhou G, Chu G, Jiang J, Huang F, Zheng S et al. Studying the cyto-genotoxic effects of 12 cigarette smoke condensates on human lymphoblastoid cell line in vitro. Mutat Res 2010; 696: 48–
Göregen M, Akgül HM, Gündoğdu C. The cytomorphological analysis of buccal mucosa cells in smokers. Turk J Med Sci 2011; 41: 205–10.
Öncel SY, Gebizlioğlu ÖL, Alioğlu FA. Risk factors for smoking behavior among university students. Turk J Med Sci 2011; 41: 1071–80.
Minozzo R, Deimling LI, Santos-Mello R. Cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus cytome and comet assays in peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers exposed to lead considering folate and vitamin B12 status. Mutat Res 2010; 697: 24–32.
Pastor S, Gutiérrez S, Creus A, Cebulska-Wasilewska A, Marcos R. Micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes and buccal epithelial cells of Polish farmers exposed to pesticides. Mutat Res 2001; 495: 147–56.
Walker PMB. The mitotic index and interphase processes. J Exp Biol 1952; 31: 8–15.