DİLEK EDİGER, Çolpan Polat BEKEN, A. Muzaffer FEYZIOGLU, FATİH ŞAHİN, İbrahim TAN

Establishing Boundary Classes for the Quality Classification of Southeastern Black Sea Using Phytoplankton Biomass

Bentik makro omurgasızlar, makroalg ve fitoplanktonlar Su Çerçeve Direktifinde (SÇD, 2000/60 / EC) önerilen Biyolojik Kalite Elemanları (BQE) olup, su kütlesinin ekolojik statü sınıflandırılmasında kullanılmaktadırlar. Klorofil-a fitoplankton biyokütle göstergesidir, ve bu gösterge evrensel olarak kıyı ekosistemleri için etkili ve uygun bir Biyolojik Kalite Elamanıdır. Bu çalışmada, Güney Doğu Karadeniz için SÇD'nin tanımlamalarına göre klorofil-a sınıf sınır değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Su kalitesi sınıf sınır değerleri " yüksek kalite, iyi, orta, zayıf ve kötü" gibi beş farklı kategoride belirlenmiştir. Güney Doğu Karadeniz kıyı suları derinlik, tuzluluk ve sediman karakteristiğine göre 8 farklı tipolojide (K1-K8) sınıflandırılmıiştır. Bu çalışmada, K1 ve K2 (>17,5 tuzluluk, >30m derinlik), tip su kütlesi için var olan zaman serisi verileri kullanılmıştır. Sinop ve Sürmene önlerinde sırasıyla 2002-2010 ve 2001-2011 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen zaman serisi çalışmalarının yüzey klorofil-a verileri kullanılarak ekolojik kalite durumu belirlenmiştir. Uzun dönemli zaman serisi çalışmalarında klorofil-a nın referans ve sınıf sınır değerleri yüzdebirlik (90th percentale) metodu kullanılarak tanımlanmıştır. Fitoplankton biyokütlesinin mevsimsel farklılıklar göstermesinden dolayı sınıflandırma yıllık olarak yapılmasının yanı sıra mevsimsel olarakda geliştirilmiştir. Yüksek / İyi (H/G) ve İyi / Orta (G/M) su kalitesi sınıfı sınır değerleri Sürmene ve Sinop bölgeleri için uzun dönemli veri setlerinden mevsimlik olarak belirlenmiştir. Bütün sınıf sınır değerleri Sinop bölgesinde daha yüksek olarak gözlenmiştir. Ekolojik Kalite Oranları (EQR) 0-1 aralığında değişim göstermiştir. Sınıf sınır değerlerinin

Benthic macroinvertebrates, macroalgae and phytoplankton constitute the Biological Quality Elements (BQE) proposed in the Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC) to be used for the classification of the ecological status of a water body. Chlorophyll-a is a usefull expression of phytoplankton biomass and this indicator is an effective and relevant BQE for coastal ecosystems which is universally accepted. In the present study, interpretations of the class boundaries according to normative definitions of WFD, are presented for chlorophyll-a in South Eastern (SE) Black Sea. Water quality classification was determined in five different categories as "high, good, moderate, poor and bad". The coastal waters of SE Black Sea were classified in 8 different typologies (K1-K8) based on depth, salinity and substratum types. In this study, types K1 and K2 (>17,5 salinity, >30m depth) were considered because of availability of time-series data for those typologies. Sinop and Sürmene sites were selected due to the best available long-term chlorophyll-a data set, respectively over the period of 2002-2010 and 2001-2011 for chlorophyll-a respectively. Type specific chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) reference and threshold values were determined based on the 90th percentile of the long-term collected chlorophyll data set. Due to the high seasonal variability of phytoplankton biomass, the annual values were not considered adequate and the classification tool was developed on seasonal basis. The High/Good (H/G) and Good/Moderate (GM) boundaries were defined as seasonal from the long term data sets for Sürmene and Sinop sites. All the boundaries were higher at the Sinop site. Ecological quality ratios distributed between 0-1. It would be necessary to underline the fact that these class boundaries might be higher for waters where depths are below 30 m and salinity values are less than 17.5. However, there is not enough data to support this assumption for the near coast waters of the SE Black Sea. Eventhough Chl-a scaling can not be used as a single tool for the ecological quality classification it is a reliable approach to use the obtained boundaries at temporal and spatial scales for the quality classification of SE Black Sea waters above 30 m depth.

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