A comparative assessment of Turkish inland fisheries and aquaculture using economic sustainability indicators

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye iç su ürünleri avcılığı ve yetiştiriciliği alt sektörlerinin ekonomik boyutunun ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca bazı makro ekonomik ve pazar göstergeleri kullanılarak iki alt sektörün ulusal düzeyde performansı ve gelişme eğilimi karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla; 1996-2009 dönemine ilişkin ikincil veriler kullanılarak kişi başına düşen arz, GSYİH’ a katkı, hasat miktarı ve değeri oranları ile ortalama reel fiyat/kg gibi bazı göstergeler hesaplanmıştır. Toplam arz, kişi başına düşen arz, GSYİH’ a katkı ile hasat miktarı ve değeri oranları gibi göstergelerin karşılaştırmalı değerlendirmesi; iç su balıkları yetiştiriciliğinin ekonomik açıdan öneminin arttığını ve pazar dinamiklerini değiştirdiğini kanıtlamaktadır. İç su balıkları ve özellikle Gökkuşağı alabalığı yetiştiriciliği pazarda önemli bir tedarikçi ve aktör haline gelirken; iç su ürünleri avcılığı giderek zemin kaybetmektedir. İç su ürünleri avcılığının sosyo-ekonomik önemi bu alt sektörün ekonomik açıdan sürdürülebilirliğini sağlayacak etkin politika ve yönetsel düzenlemelerin hayata geçirilmesini gerekli kılmaktadır. Diğer taraftan; iç su balıkları yetiştiriciliği alt sektörü de; sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması açısından denetimsiz tek tür balık arzı, tür çeşitlendirmesi, ürün çeşitlendirmesi/farklılaştırması ve imaj gibi konuları ele alarak çözüm aramalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Türkiye, sürdürülebilirlik, balıkçılık

Ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik göstergeleri kullanılarak Türkiye’de iç su ürünleri avcılığı ve yetiştiriciliğinin karşılaştırmalı değerlendirilmesi

This paper aims to shed light on economic dimensions of inland capture fisheries and aquaculture in Turkey and to provide further comparisons of performance and development trends in both subsectors at national level by using some macro-economic and market indicators. To this end, indicators inter alia per capita domestic supply, contribution to GDP, ratio harvesting weight and value, mean real price/kg were computed using secondary data from the 1996-2009 period. The outcome of comparative assessment, e.g. supply, per capita supply, contribution to GDP, ratio harvesting weight and value, does provide evidence for increasing economic importance of aquaculture and changes in market dynamics for freshwater aquatic products in Turkey. While inland aquaculture, especially rainbow trout farming, is emerging as a major supplier and player in market for freshwater fish species, inland capture fisheries is losing ground. Taking into account the importance of inland fisheries from socio-economic perspective, effective policies and management measures are to be implemented to ensure economic sustainability of this subsector. On the other hand, inland aquaculture subsector also has to address challenges such as unregulated single-species supply, species diversification, product diversification/differentiation and image building to ensure its sustainability.

Keywords:

Turkey, sustainability, fisheries,

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