Yonca YÜZÜGÜLLÜ, Zümrüt Begüm ÖGEL, Ufuk Bakir BÖLÜKBAŞI, Nursen ÇORUH, Gürkan KARAKAŞ

Production of a novel bifunctional catalase-phenol oxidase of Scytalidium thermophilum in the presence of phenolic compounds

A novel bifunctional catalase with additional phenol oxidase activity (CATPO) is produced by the thermophilic fungus, Scytalidium thermophilum, in a growth-associated manner. In order to study the biological significance of this dual enzyme in relation to phenolic compounds, 14 phenolics were tested for their effect on growth and CATPO production. It was determined that some phenolics exerted a negative effect on growth (catechol, coumaric acid, hydroquinone, kaempferol, myricetin), while others either did not influence growth in a negative manner or enhanced growth by a maximum of 50% increase in biomass (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, gallic acid, resorcinol, vanillic acid). Hydroquinone and myricetin showed an antifungal effect and enhanced CATPO production, while catechol, coumaric acid, and kaempferol decreased CATPO production and showed a toxic effect at higher doses. In general, phenolics acting in an antioxidant manner exhibited a reverse interrelation with CATPO production. These results suggest that the presence of antioxidant phenolic compounds has an effect on enhancing its antioxidant activity; enzyme is therefore no longer required.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Antioxidant, catalase, phenol oxidase, phenolic compound, Scytalidium thermophilum, thermophilic fungus

Production of a novel bifunctional catalase-phenol oxidase of Scytalidium thermophilum in the presence of phenolic compounds

Keywords:

Key words: Antioxidant, catalase, phenol oxidase, phenolic compound, Scytalidium thermophilum, thermophilic fungus,

PDF

___

Goldberg I, Hochman A. Purifi cation and characterization of a novel type of catalase from the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae. Biochem Biophys Acta 991: 330-336, 1989.
Mate M, Murshudov G, Bravo J et al. Heme-catalases. In: Handbook of proteins, John Wiley and Sons, New York; 2001. 3. Nicholls P, Fita I, Loewen PC. Enzymology and structure of catalases. Adv Inorg Chem 51: 51-106, 2001. 4. Vetrano AM, Heck DE, Mariano TM et al. Characterization of the oxidase activity in mammalian catalase. J Biol Chem 280: 35372-35381, 2005.
Kocabas DS, Bakir U, Phillips SEV et al. Purifi cation, characterization, and identifi cation of a novel bifunctional catalase-phenol oxidase from Scytalidium thermophilum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 79: 407-415, 2008. 6. Ögel ZB, Yüzügüllü Y, Mete S et al. Production, properties and application to biocatalysis of a novel extracellular alkaline phenol oxidase from the thermophilic fungus Scytalidium thermophilum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 71: 853-862, 2006.
Mazzafera P, Robinson SP. Characterization of polyphenol oxidase in coff ee. Phytochem 55: 285-296, 2000. 8. Jolley RLJr, Evans LH, Makino N et al. Oxytyrosinase. J Biol Chem 249: 335-345, 1974.
Garcia-Molina F, Hiner ANP, Fenoll LG et al. Mushroom tyrosinase: catalase activity, inhibition and suicide inactivation. J Agric and Food Chem 53: 3702-3709, 2005.
Yamazaki S, Morioka C, Itoh S. Kinetic evaluation of catalase and peroxygenase activities of tyrosinase. Biochem 43: 11546- 11553, 2004.
Gerdemann C, Eicken C, Magrini A et al. Isoenzymes of Ipomoea batatas catechol oxidase diff er in catalase-like activity. Biochem Biophys Acta 1548: 94-105, 2001.
Heim KE, Tagliaferro AR, Bobilya DJ. Flavonoid antioxidants: chemistry, metabolism and structure-activity relationships. J Nutr Biochem 13: 572-584, 2002.
Cooney DG, Emerson R. Th ermophilic fungi: an account of their biology, activities and classifi cation. Freeman Publishers, San Francisco; 1964.
Figueiredo AR, Campos F, de Freitas V et al. Eff ect of phenolic aldehydes and fl avonoids on growth and inactivation of Oenococcus oeni and Lactobacillus hilgardii. Food Microbiol 25: 105-112, 2008.
Merle PL, Sabourault C, Richier S et al. Catalase characterization and implication in bleaching of a symbiotic sea anemone. Free Radic Biol Med 42: 236-246, 2007.
Feofi lova EP, Tereshina VM. Th ermophilicity of mycelial fungi in the context of biochemical adaptation to thermal stress. Appl Biochem Microbiol 35: 486-494, 1999.
Straatsma G, Samson RA, Olijnsma TW et al. Ecology of thermophilic fungi in mushroom compost, with emphasis on Scytalidium thermophilum and growth stimulation of Agaricus bisporus mycelium. Appl Environ Microbiol 60: 454- 458, 1994.
Miura T, Muraoka S, Fujimoto Y et al. DNA damage induced by catechol derivatives. Chem Biol Interact 126: 125-136, 2000.
Passi S, Picardo M, Nazzaro-Porro M. Comparative cytotoxicity of phenols in vitro. Biochem J 245: 537-542, 1987.
Hanasaki Y, Ogawa S, Fukui S. Th e correlation between active oxygen scavenging and antioxidative eff ects of fl avonoids. Free Radic Biol Med 16: 845-850, 1994.
Arts MJTJ, Dallinga JS, Voss H-P et al. A new approach to assess the total antioxidant capacity using the TEAC assay. Food Chem 88: 567-570, 2004.
Arts MJTJ, Dallinga JS, Voss H-P et al. A critical appraisal of the use of the antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay in defi ning optimal antioxidant structures. Food Chem 80: 409-414, 2003.
Th avasi V, Bettens RPA, Leong LP. Temperature and solvent eff ects on radical scavenging ability of phenols. J Phys Chem A 113: 3068-3077, 2009.
Rice-Evans CA, Miller N, Paganga G. Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds. Trends Plant Sci 2: 152-159, 1997.
Briante R, Febbraio F, Nucci R. Antioxidant properties of low molecular weight phenols present in the Mediterranean diet. J Agric Food Chem 51: 6975-6981, 2003.
Villano D, Fernandez-Pachon MS, Troncoso MA et al. Comparison of antioxidant activity of wine phenolic compounds and metabolites in vitro. Anal Chim Acta 538: 391-398, 2005.
Natella F, Nardini M, di Felice M et al. Benzoic and cinnamic acid derivates as antioxidants: structure-activity relation. J Agric Food Chem. 47: 1453-1459, 1999.
Score AJ, Palfreyman JW, White NA. Extracellular phenoloxidase and peroxidase enzyme production during interspecifi c fungal interactions. Int Biodeter Biodegr 39: 225- 233, 1997.
Baxter RA. Anti-aging properties of resveratrol: review and report of a potent new antioxidant skin care formulation. J Cosmet Dermatol 7: 2-7, 2008.
Beher D, Wu J, Cuminel S et al. Resveratrol is not a direct activator of SIRT1 enzyme activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 74: 619-624, 2009.
Das DK, Mukherjee S, Ray D. Resveratrol and red wine, healthy heart and longevity. Heart Fail Rev 15: 467-477, 2010.