Phosphate solubility and biocontrol activity of Trichoderma harzianum
Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens is a possible alternative to the use of chemical pesticides, which are harmful to the environment. Under greenhouse and field conditions, several isolated strains of the fungus Trichoderma have been found to be effective biocontrol agents of various soilborne plant pathogenic fungi. The use of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) has a considerable synergistic effect on the growth and development of crop plants. In the present study, T. harzianum was isolated from 10 different agro-climatic zones of Karnataka and tested for the potential of antagonistic activity against the plant pathogen Xanthomonas and the ability of phosphate solubility under in vitro conditions. Variations within the 10 isolates of T. harzianum were assayed using the Rapid Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method.
Phosphate solubility and biocontrol activity of Trichoderma harzianum
Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens is a possible alternative to the use of chemical pesticides, which are harmful to the environment. Under greenhouse and field conditions, several isolated strains of the fungus Trichoderma have been found to be effective biocontrol agents of various soilborne plant pathogenic fungi. The use of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) has a considerable synergistic effect on the growth and development of crop plants. In the present study, T. harzianum was isolated from 10 different agro-climatic zones of Karnataka and tested for the potential of antagonistic activity against the plant pathogen Xanthomonas and the ability of phosphate solubility under in vitro conditions. Variations within the 10 isolates of T. harzianum were assayed using the Rapid Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method.
___
- Kucey RMN, Janzen HH, Leggett ME. Microbial mediated increased plant available phosphorous. Adv Agron 42: 198- 228, 1989. 2. Benítez T, Rincón AM, Limón MC et al. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. Int Microbiol 7: 249-60, 2004. 3. Dennis C, Webster J. Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma, II. Production of volatile antibiotics. Trans Br Mycol Soc 57: 41-48, 1971.
- Brown JKM. Th e choice of molecular marker methods for population genetic studies of plant pathogens. New Phytol 133: 183-195, 1996.
- Weindling Trichoderma lignorum as a parasite of other soil R. fungi. Phytopathology 22: 837-845, 1932.
- Malloch D. University of Toronto. An introductory guide to the study of moulds. 1997.
- Hegedus DD, Khachatourians GG. Detection of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana within infected migratory grasshoppers (Melanoplus sanguipiper) using polymerase chain reaction and DNA probe. J Invertebrate Pathol 67: 21-27, 1996.
- Mullis KB, Faloona F. Specifi c synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase catalyzed chain reaction. Methods Enzymol 155: 335-350, 1987.
- Sneath PHA, Sokal RR. Numerical taxonomy: the principles and pratice of numerical classifi cation. San Francisco, Freeman; 1973.
- Roger D Goos. Further observations on soil fungi in Honduras. Mycologia 55: 142-150, 1963.
- Vincent JM. Distortion of fungal hyphae in the presence of certain inhibitors. Nature 159: 850, 1927.
- Dubios M, Gills KA, Hamilton JK et al. Colorimetric method for the determination of the sugars and related substances. Anal Chem 28: 350-356, 1996.
- Gilman JC. A manual of soil fungi. Vol. II. Published by Oxford and IBH publishing company, Calcutta-16, India. 1961. 18. Chet I.
- Trichoderma application, mode of action, and potential
- as a biocontrol agent of soilborne plant pathogenic fungi. In:
- Chet I. ed. Innovative approaches to plant disease control.
- Wiley & Sons, New York, NY: Wiley; 1987; pp. 137-160.
- Lazo GR, Roff ey R, Gabrel DW. Pathovars of Xanthomonas campestris are distinguishable by restriction fragment-length polymorphism. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37: 214-221, 1987.
- Sadfi N, Chérif M, Fliss I et al. Evaluation of bacterial isolates from salty soils and Bacillus thuringiensis strains for the biocontrol of Fusarium dry rot of potato tubers. J Plant Pathol 83: 101-118, 2001.
- Lorito M, Hayes CK, Zoina A et al. Potential of genes and gene products from Trichoderma sp. and Gliocladium sp. for the development of biological pesticides. Mol Biotechnol 2: 209- 217, 1994.
- Dennis C, Webster J. Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma, II Production of non-volatile antibiotics. Trans Br Mycol Soc 57: 25-39, 1971.
- Gerretsen FC. Th e infl uence of microorganisms on the phosphate intake by the plant. Plant and Soil 1: 51-81, 1948.
- Kohn LM. Developing new characters for fungal systematics: an experimental approach for determining the rank of resolution. Mycologia 84: 139-153, 1992.