Tülin ÖZBEK, Medine GÜLLÜCE, Fikrettin ŞAHİN, Hakan ÖZKAN, Sevgi SEVSAY, Özlem BARIŞ

Investigation of the Antimutagenic Potentials of the Methanol Extract of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimutagenic activity of the methanol extract of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare. Antimutagenic activity was estimated by employing the plate incorporation AMES/Salmonella histidine reversion assay. The base pair substitution tester strain Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 and the frame shift mutagen strain S. typhimurium TA1538 were used against direct acting mutagens - sodium azide (NaN3), 4-nitro-1-quinoline oxide (4NQO) and the S9-dependent mutagen 2-aminofluorene (2AF). The results suggested that in the absence of S9 metabolic activation, all 3 doses (5, 0.5, and 0.05 mg/plate) of the plant extract tested caused statistically significant (P < 0.05) antimutagenic activity on TA1535 strain, but not on TA1538 strain. However, in the presence of S9 microsomal fraction, the plant extract exerted moderate antimutagenic activity against the 2AF mutagen and reduced mutant colonies in TA1535 and TA1538 strains. As a result, the methanol extract of Origanum vulgare subsp. vulgare showed antimutagenic effects at 5, 0.5, and 0.05 mg/plate concentrations. These effects may be explained with the antioxidant activity mechanism, changes in membrane lipids, and permeability of ion channels.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Origanum vulgare subsp. vulgare, methanol extract, antimutagenicity, AMES Salmonella/microsome test system, S9- metabolic activation system

Investigation of the Antimutagenic Potentials of the Methanol Extract of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey

Keywords:

Origanum vulgare subsp. vulgare, methanol extract, antimutagenicity, AMES Salmonella/microsome test system, S9- metabolic activation system,

PDF

___

1. Shinohara K. Biophylactic and anticarcinogenic functions of vegetables and fruits. Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi - J The Japan Soc for Biosci Biotech Agrochem 67: 42-45, 1993.
2. Nakasugi T, Nakashima M, Komai K. Antimutagens in gaiyou (Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant.) J Agri Food Chem 48: 3256- 3266, 2000.
3. Shimada H, Itoh S, Hattori C et al. Mutagenicity of the new quinolone antibacterial agent levofloxacin. ArzneimittelForschung/Drug Res 42: 378-385, 1992.
4. Mortelmans K, Zeiger E. The Ames Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity assay. Mutat Res 455: 29-60, 2000.
5. Karekar V, Joshi S, Shinde SL. Antimutagenic profile of three antioxidants in the Ames assay and the Drosophila wing spot test. Mutat Res 468: 183-194, 2000.
6. Cipak L, Miadokova E, Dingova H et al. Comparative DNA protectivity and antimutagenicity studies using DNA-topology and Ames assays. Toxicol In Vitro 15: 677–681, 2001.
7. Kaur S, Arora S, Kaur K et al. The in vitro antimutagenic activity of Triphala - an Indian herbal drug. Food Chem Toxicol 40: 527– 534, 2002.
8. Picada JN, Maris AF, Ckless K et al. Differential mutagenic, antimutagenic and cytotoxic responses induced by apomorphine and its oxidation product, 8-oxo-apomorphine-semiquinone, in bacteria and yeast. Mutat Res 539: 29-41, 2003.
9. Verschaeve L, Kestens V, Taylor JLS et al. Investigation of the antimutagenic effects of selected South African medicinal plant extracts. Toxicol In Vitro 18: 29-35, 2004.
10. Jayaprakasha GK, Negi PS, Jena BS. 2006. Antioxidative and antimutagenic activities of the extracts from the rinds of Garcinia pedunculata. Innov Food Sci Emerging Tech 7: 246-250, 2006.
11. Eom IC, Rast C, Veber AM et al. Ecotoxicity of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soil. Ecotox Environ Safe 67: 190-205, 2007.
12. Aboolenein AA. Back to medicinal plants therapy. Hamdard (1-4): 40, 1982.
13. Kundu JK, Surh YJ. Breaking the relay in deregulated cellular signal transduction as a rationale for chemoprevention with antiinflammatory phytochemicals. Mutat Res 591: 123-146, 2005.
14. Tsukagoshi S, Ohashi F. Protein-bound polysaccharide preparation, PS-K, effective against mouse sarcoma 180 and rat ascites hepatoma AH-13 by oral use. Japan J Cancer Res (Gann) 65: 557-558, 1974.
15. Horn RC, Vargas VMF. Antimutagenic activity of extracts of natural substances in the Salmonella/microsome assay. Mutagenesis 18: 113-118, 2003.
16. Dorman HJD, Deans SG. Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. J Appl Microbiol 88: 308-316, 2000.
17. Daferera DJ, Ziogas BN, Polissiou MG. 2000. GC-MS analysis of essential oils from some Greek aromatic plants and their fungitoxicity on Penicillium digitatum. J Agri Food Chem 48: 2576-2581, 2000.
18. Daferera DJ, Ziogas BN, Polissiou MG. The effectiveness of plant essential oils on the growth of Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium sp. and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp michiganensis. Crop Protection 22: 39-44, 2003.
19. Aligiannis N, Kalpoutzakis E, Mitaku S et al. Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of two Origanum species. J Agri Food Chem 49: 4168-4170, 2001.