Figen YILDIZ, Pervin KINAY, Arzu COŞKUNTUNA, Nafiz DELEN, Hüseyin TÜRKÜSAY, Mehmet YILDIZ

The effects of biological and chemical treatment on gray mold disease in tomatoes grown under greehouse conditions

Sera bölgelerinden alınan domates yapraklarından izole edilen 163 bakterinin, kurşuni küf hastalığını (Botrytis cinerea) baskılayıcı etkisi bir seri testle ortaya konmuştur. Domates bitkilerinde kurşuni küf hastalığına karşı bu antagonist bakterilerinden özellikle dört adedi hastalığı baskılamada etkili olmuş ve bunlar Pseudomonas fluorescens olarak tanılanmıştır. Domates seralarında kullanılan fungisitlerin bu bakterileri etkilemedikleri testlerle saptanmıştır. Bunun sonucunda, 4 bakterinin sera koşullarında, fenhexamidin düşük dozuyla, hastalığa etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu bakterilerden bir tanesi (Pf163) serada yapılan testlerde kurşuni küf hastalığını %78 oranında azaltmıştır. Kontrollerle karşılaştırıldığında, Pseudomonas fluorescens’in diğer izolatlarının fenhexamidin düşük dozu (12.5 ml a.i. hl-1) ile birlikte hastalığı sırasıyla %74.17, %70.52 ve %65.74 oranında baskıladığı ortaya konmuştur. Bakteriyel antagonistlerin serada yetiştirilen bitkilerdeki hastalığı engellemede ve fungisitlerle birlikte kullanımlarında potansiyel bir etkileri olduğu ortaya konmuştur.

Sera domates yetiştiriciliğinde görülen kurşuni küf hastalığı üzerinde kimyasal ve biyolojik uygulamaların etkileri

A total of 163 bacterial strains isolated from tomato leaves were evaluated for their ability to suppress gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.) on tomatoes, and 4 strains consistently reduced the incidence of B. cinerea. These antagonist strains were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens. The bacterial strains with in vitro resistance to fungicides were combined with low-dose fenhexamid in vivo. One strain of P. fluorescens (Pf163) reduced the disease incidence by an average of 78% on tomato plants inoculated with B. cinerea in greenhouse trials. In comparison to the control treatment, other P. fluorescens strains applied with low-dose fenhexamid reduced the incidence of decay by 74.17%, 70.52%, and 65.74%, respectively. The antagonists significantly reduced gray mold decay when combined with low-dose (12.5 ml a.i. hl-1) fenhexamid more than the control did. It was shown that antagonistic bacterial strains inhibited B. cinerea and that they have a potential use in combination with the fungicide in greenhouse experiments.

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