Demir Ağacı (Casuarina equisetifolia L.) Odunundan Üretilen Orta Yoğunlukta Lif Levhaların (MDF) Fiziksel ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması

Bu çalışmada, Demir ağacı (Casuarina equisetifolia L.) odunu kullanılarak, kuru life oranla 1.17 mol üre formaldehit (ÜF) reçinesi (%12.5), katı parafin (%1.5) ve %10’luk amonyum klorür solüsyonu (%1,30) eklenerek MDF üretim hattında 0.694 g/cm³ yoğunlukta levhalar üretilmiştir. Bu levhaların fiziksel ve mekanik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Fiziksel özelliklerden levhaların yoğunluğu 0.694 g/cm³, kalınlığına şişme değerleri 2 ve 24 saat için sırası ile %2.53 ve %6.01 olarak ölçülmüştür. Mekanik özelliklerden eğilme mukavemeti 35.20 MPa, elastikiyet modülü 2982.8 MPa ve çekme mukavemeti 0.42 MPa ölçülmüştür. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre, Demir ağacından (Casuarina equisetifolia L.) üretilen MDF levhaların fiziksel ve mekanik özellikleri çekme mukavemeti hariç TS EN standardının üzerinde ölçülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Demir ağacı, Casuarina equisetifolia L., MDF, Mekanik özellikler, Fiziksel özellikler

Investigation of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Medium Density Fibreboards (MDF) Produced from Iron Tree (Casuarina equisetifolia L.) Wood

In this study, ironwood (Casuarina equisetifolia L.) raw material was used. 1.17 moles of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin (12.5%), solid paraffin (1.5%) and 10% ammonium chloride solution were added to the fibers. Boards with a density of 0.694 g/cm³ were produced in the MDF production line. The physical and mechanical properties of the boards were evaluated. Swelling in thickness for 2 and 24 h were 2.53% and 6.01%, respectively. Modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bonding strenght were 35.2 N/mm2, 2982.8 MPa, and 0.42 MPa, respecitvely. Average moisture content of the boards was 7.9%. According to results, except for IB, both physical and mechanical properties of the boards produced using ironwood (Casuarina equisetifolia L.) were higher than the TS EN standard.

Keywords:

Ironwood Casuarina equisetifolia L., MDF, Density, Mechanical properties, Physical properties,

PDF

___

Akbulut ,T., and Koç, E. 2006. The effect of the wood species on the roughness of the surface and profiled areas of medium density fiberboard. Wood Res, 51:77–86.
Akgül, M., and Çamlibel, O. 2008. Manufacture of medium density fiberboard (MDF) panels from rhododendron (R. ponticum L.) biomass. Build. Environ., 43(2008):438-443
Akgül, M., Çöpür, Y., Güler, C., Tozluoǧlu, A., Büyüksari, Ü., 2007. Medium density fiberboard from Quercus robur. J Appl Sci,7:1085–7. ttps://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2007.1085.1087
Akgül, M., Korkut, S., Çamlibel, O., Candan, Z., Akbulut, T., 2012. Wettability and surface roughness characteristics of medium density fiberboard panels from rhododendron (Rhododendron Ponticum) biomass. Maderas Cienc y Tecnol,14:185–93. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-221X2012000200006
Akgül, M., Uner, B., Çamlibel, O., Ayata, Ü. 2017. Manufacture of medium density fiberboard (MDF) panels from agribased lignocellulosic biomass. Wood Res, 62:615–24.
Akgül, M., Ayrilmis, N., Çamlıbel, O., Korkut, S. 2013. Potential utilization of burned wood in manufacture of medium density fiberboard. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag,15:195–201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-012-0108-3. Anonim. 2022. Demir ağacı, Doğu Akdeniz Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürüğü, DEMİR AĞACI.pdf (ogm.gov.tr)
Ayrılmıs, N. 2000. The effect of tree species on technological properties of MDF. MSc thesis, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Camlibel, O., and Akgul, M. 2020. Mechanical and physical properties of medium density fibreboard with calcite additive. Wood Res, 65:231–44. https://doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/65.2.231244.
Camlibel, O. 2020. Mechanical and formaldehyde-related properties of medium density fiberboard with zeolite additive. BioResources, 15:7918–32. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.4.7918-7932.
Chowdhury, Q., Rashid, A.Z.M., Newaz, S., Alam, M. 2007. Effects of Height on Physical Properties of Wood of Jhau (Casuarina equisetifolia L). Australian Forestry, 70(1):33-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049158.2007.10676260
Chowdhury, Q., Ishiguri, F., Iizuka K., Takashima, Y., Matsumoto, K., Hiraiwa, T., Ishido, M., Sanpe, H., Yokota, S., Yoshizawa, N. 2009. Radial variations of wood properties in Casuarina equisetifolia growing in Bangladesh. J Wood Sci, 55:139-143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-008-1004-2
Coşkun Hepcan, Ç., and Cangüzel, A. 2021. Bornova üniversite caddesi yol ağaçlarının hava kalitesi üzerine etkisi. Ege Univiversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 58: 245–252.
Hus, S., Tank, T., Goksel, E. 1975. Fiber morphology of Eucalyptus camaldulensis wood and utilisation possibilities of its for semimechanical pulping. TUBITAK TOAG research report No 275/6, Ankara.
Kartal, SN., and Green, F. 2003. Decay and termite resistance of medium density fiberboard (MDF) made from different wood species. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad, 51:29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-8305(02)00072-0
Kubba, S. 2010. Choosing Materials and Products. “From: Green Construction Project Management and Cost Oversight. (ed) Kubba, S., Elsevier, Burlington, USA, 221–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-85617-676-7.00006-3
Levy, S.M. 2012. Lumber—Calculations to Select Framing and Trim Materials. “From: Construction Calculation Manual. (ed) Levy, S.M. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK, 351–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-382243-7.00011-5.
Merev, N. 1983. The structure of Turkish Alnus wood. Karadeniz Technical University Faculty Publication No. 7/2, Trabzon. Parrotta, J A. 1993. Casuarina equisetifolia L. ex JR & G. Forst. Casuarina, Australian pine, USDA Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, 11 p, (SO-ITF-SM; 56).
Syahbudin, A., Adriyanti, D.T., Osozawa, K., Ninomiya, I. 2013. Distribution of Casuarina Equisetifolia Along the Southern Coast of Yogyakarta After Sixteen Years (1996-2012). Journal of Life Sciences and Technologies, 1: 19–25. - doi: 10.12720/jolst.1.1.19-25
TS 642-ISO 554. 1997. Kondisyonlama ve/veya Deney İçin Standart Atmosfer - Özellikler, TSE, Ankara
TS EN 309. 1999. Ahşap yonga levha -tarifler ve sınıflandırmalar. TSE, Ankara.
TS-EN 317. 1999. Yonga levhalar ve lif levhalar-su içerisine daldırma işleminden sonra kalınlığına şişme tayini. TSE, Ankara.
TS-EN 323.1999. Ahşap esaslı levhalar-birim hacim ağırlığının tayini. TSE, Ankara.
TS EN 325. 2008. Ahşap esaslı levhalar-deney numunelerinin boyutlarının tayini. TSE, Ankara.
TS EN 326-1. 1999. Ahşap esaslı levhalar-numune alma kesme ve muayene bölüm 1: deney numunelerinin seçimi, kesimi ve deney sonuçlarının gösterilmesi. TSE, Ankara.
TS EN 622-5. 2006. Lif levhalar özellikler-bölüm 1: genel özellikler. TSE, Ankara.
TS EN 310. 1993. Ahşap esaslı levhalar-eğilme dayanımı ve eğilme elastikiyet modülünün tayini, TSE, Ankara.
TS EN 319. 1993. Yonga levhalar ve lif levhalar-Levha yüzeyine dik çekme dayanımının tayini, TSE, Ankara.
Uday, DN., Mamatha, BS., Prakash ,V., Sujatha, D., Kiran, MC., Narasimhamurthy. 2021. Development of Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF) from Plantation Grown Timber Species Casuarina. The Indian Forester, 147(6):1- DOI: 10.36808/if/2021/v147i6/154990
Vishnu, R., and Revath, R. 2019. Studies on physical, chemical and fibre morphological parameters of three pulpwood species viz. Eucalyptus, Melia and Casuarina for pulp and paper making. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 7: 3155–3162.