Allelopathic Effect of Jimson Weed (Datura stramonium L.) on Germination of Redrooted Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), Lamb’s Quarters (Chenopodium album L.) and Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Seeds

tract In this study the effect of jimson weed (Datura stramonium L.), which has known with its allelopathic effects, on germination of two weeds, redrooted pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and lamb’s quarters (Chenopodium album L.), which cause significant crop losses in crops, with a crop, sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). The study was conducted in Plant Protection department of Van Yuzuncu Yil University in 2019. Aqueous extracts of D. stramonium leaves that are collected on flowering stage were applied at rates of 5, 15, 30, 40, 50 and 60%. Germination of sugar beet inhibited 89% by 5 % aqueous extract and redrooted pigweed 55%. There was not observed any germination in all remaining concentration values, and 100% germination inhibition occurred. Although the effect was high against sugar beet, it’s considered that the results obtained with new studies by different crop will contribute to the weed control, the use and development of biopreparats that are more sensitive to human health and the environment.

Kırmızı Köklü Horozibiği (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), Sirken (Chenopodium album L.) ve Şeker Pancarı (Beta vulgaris L.) Tohumlarının Çimlenmesi Üzerine Şeytan Elması (Datura stramonium L.)’nın Allelopatik Etkisi

Bu çalışmada allelokimyasal etkiye sahip olduğu bilinen şeytan elması (Datura stramonium L.)’nın kültür alanlarında önemli verim kayıplarına yol açan kırmızı köklü horozibiği (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), sirken (Chenopodium album L.) yabancı otları ile şeker pancarı (Beta vulgaris L.) kültür bitkisinin çimlenmesi üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bitki Koruma Bölümü’nde 2019 yılında yürütülmüştür. Datura stramonium L.’un çiçeklenme döneminde toplanan yapraklarının su ekstraktı %5, 15, 30, 40, 50 ve 60 konsantrasyonlarında uygulanmıştır. Denemede su ekstraktının %5’lik konsantrasyonunda şeker pancarında %89, kırmızı köklü horozibiği bitkisinde ise %55 oranında çimlenme inhibisyonu gözlenmiştir. Geri kalan bütün konsantrasyon değerlerinde çimlenme gözlenmemiş olup %100 çimlenme inhibisyonu gerçekleşmiştir. Şeker pancarına karşı yüksek inhibisyon gözlenmesine rağmen farklı kültür bitkilerinde yapılacak yeni çalışmalar ile birlikte elde edilen sonuçların özellikle yabancı otlarla entegre mücadeleye, insan sağlığı ve çevreye daha duyarlı olan biyopreparatların kullanılmasına, geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

PDF

___

Akcura, M., Kaya, Y., Taner, S., Ayranci, R. 2006. Parametric stability analyses for grain yield of durum wheat. Plant Soil and Environment, 52 (6), 254.

Akcura, M., Kaya, Y. 2008. Non-parametric stability methods for interpreting genotype by environment interaction of bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.). Genetics and Molecular Biology, 31(4), 906-913.

Becker, H. C., Leon, J. 1988. Stability analysis in plant breeding. Plant Breeding 101: 1–23.

Eberhart, S. A. T., Russell, W. A. 1966. Stability parameters for comparing varieties. Crop Science 6: 36-40.

Finlay, K. W., Wilkinson, G. N. 1963. Adaptation in a plant breeding programme. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 14: 742- 754.

Fox, P., Skovmand, B., Thompson, B., Braun, H. I., Cormier, R. 1990. Yield and adaptation of hexaploid spring triticale. Euphytica, 47: 57- 64.

Francis, T. R., Kannenberg, L. W. 1978. Yield stability studies in short-season maize: I. A descriptive method for grouping genotypes. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 58: 1029- 1034.

Girish, M. H., Gasti, V. D., Mastiholi, A. B., Thammaiah, N., Shantappa, T., Mulge, R., Kerutagi, M. G. 2012. Correlation and path analysis for growth, pod yield, seed yield and quality characters in cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.). Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 25 (4), 498-502.

Hocaoğlu, O., Akan, K., Akçura, M. 2020. Evaluating leaf rust reactions of pure bread wheat landrace lines using non-parametric statistics. Phytoparasitica, 48: 261-271.

Huhn, M. 1990. Non-parametric measures of phenotypic stability. Part 1: Theory. Euphytica, 47: 189-1990.

Kang, M. S. 1988. A rank-sum method for selecting high-yielding, stable corn genotypes. Cereal Research Communication, 16: 113-115.

Nassar, R., Huhn, M. 1987. Studies on estimation of phenotypic stability: tests of significance for non-parametric measures of phenotypic stability. Biometrics, 43: 45-53.

Plaisted, R. I., Peterson, L. C. 1959. A technique for evaluating the ability of selection to yield consistently in different locations or seasons. American Potato Journal, 36: 381- 385.

Plaisted, R. L. 1960. A shorter method for evaluating the ability of selections to yield consistently over locations. American Potato Journal, 37: 166-172.

Pour-Aboughadareh, A., Yousefian, M., Moradkhani, H., Poczai, P., Siddique K. H. M. 2019. STABILITYSOFT: A new online program to calculate parametric and non-parametric stability statistics for crop traits. Applications in Plant Sciences, 7(1): e1211. doi:10.1002/aps3.1211.

Shukla, G. K. 1972. Some statistical aspects of partitioning genotype-environmental components of variability. Heredity, 29: 237-245.

Sozen, O., Karadavut, U., Akcura, M. 2017. Determination of the some yield componenets of dry bean (Pahseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes in different environments. International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research, 3 (5): 3755-3769.

Sozen, O., Karadavut, U., Ozcelik, H., Bozoglu, H., Akcura, M. 2018. Genotype x Environment interaction of some dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes. Legume Research, (41) 2: 189-195.

Sozen, O., Karadavut, U. 2018. Determination of Genotype x Environment Interactions of Some Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes by Using Diferent Stability Methods. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 24: 431- 438. Sozen, O., Karadavut, U. 2019. Statistical Analysis Of Some Characters Affecting Yield In Chickpea Varieties Which Can Be Breeded In Arid Climate Conditions. The Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences, 7 (4): 145-149.

Thennarasu, K. 1995. On certain non-parametric procedures for studying genotypeenvironment interactions and yield stability. PhD thesis, PJ School, IARI, New Delhi, India.

Vir, O., Singh, A. K. 2015. Variability and correlation analysis in the germplasm of cluster bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] in hyper hot arid climate of Western India.Legume Research-An International Journal, 38 (1), 37-42.

Wricke, G. 1962. Übereine Methode zur Erfassung der ökologischen Streubreite in Feldversuchen. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenzüchtung, 47: 92-96.

Yan, W. 2014. Crop Variety Trials: Data Management and Analysis John Wiley and Sons, 349.

Załuski, D., Tworkowski, J., Krzyżaniak, M., Stolarski, M. J., Kwiatkowski, J. 2020. The Characterization of 10 Spring Camelina Genotypes Grown in Environmental Conditions in North-Eastern Poland. Agronomy, 10 (1), 64, 1-13.