Nar Kabuğu ve Çekirdeğinin Değişik Çözücülerdeki Ekstraktlarının Antimikrobiyal Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Nar (Punica granatum L.), orijini Güneydoğu Asya’ya dayanan ve Türkiye, Akdeniz ve Arap ülkeleri gibi geniş yetişme alanına sahip olan Lythraceae familyasına ait en önemli bitkidir. Nar kabuğu ve çekirdeği hem antimikrobiyal hem de siklooksijenaz ve lipoksijenaz gibi enzimlerin inhibitörü olan çok sayıda ve çeşitli biyoflavonoid içerir. Narın sergilediği antioksidan, antimikrobiyal ve antifungal özellikler, antosiyaninler dahil olmak üzere delfinidin, siyanidin, pelargonidin, elajik asit, punikalin, punikalajin, pedunkulajin ve farklı glukozitler gibi fitokimyasallar ile ilgilidir. Bu çalışmada, Punica granatum L. (Nar) bitkisi meyve kabukları ve çekirdeklerinden elde edilen etanol, metanol ve distile su ekstraktların gıda patojeni olarak bilinen Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella Typhmurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bakteri türlerine karşı antimikrobiyal etkisi disk difüzyon yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir Ayrıca yedi farklı gıda kaynaklı patojen üzerindeki minimal inhibitör konsantrasyon (MIC) ve minimum bakterisidal konsantrasyon (MBC) değerleri de tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; en yüksek antimikrobiyal etki 29,02 mm zon çapı ile Pseudomonas aeruginosa’a karşı nar çekirdeğinden elde edilen metanol ekstraktında gözlenirken, nar kabuğundan elde edilen ekstraktlarda en yüksek antimikrobiyal etki 26,84 mm zon çapı ile Bacillus cereus’a karşı etanol ekstraktında gözlenmiştir. Pseudomonas aeruginosa’ya karşı MIC ve MBC değerleri 7,81 μg/L olarak tespit edilirken Bacillus cereus’a karşı MIC ve MBC değerleri sırasıyla 31,25 ve 15,63 μg/L olarak belirlenmiştir.

Determination of Pomegranate Peel and Seed Extracted in Different Solvents for Antimicrobial Effect

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), based on the origin of Southeast Asia and Turkey, with a large growth area such as the Mediterranean and the Arab countries, is the most important plant belonging to family Lythraceae. Pomegranate peel and seed contain numerous and various bioflavonoid, which is indicated to be both antimicrobial and inhibitors of enzymes such as cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties of the pomegranate are related to phytochemicals such as delphinidin, cyanidin, pelargonidin, ellagic acid, punicalin, punicalagin, pedunculagin, and different glucosides, which involve anthocyanins. In this study, it was investigated that ethanol, methanol and distilled water extracts, obtained from Punica granatum L. antimicrobial effect against Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria known as food pathogen by using disk diffusion method. Also, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values on seven different food borne pathogens were also determined. As a result of the research; pomegranate seed extracts obtained from methanol observed the highest antimicrobial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a 29.02 mm zone diameter, while pomegranate peel extracts obtained from ethanol observed the highest antimicrobial effect against Bacillus cereus with a 26.84 mm zone diameter. The MIC and MBC value against Pseudomonas aeruginosa are determined 7.81 μg/L, while The MIC and MBC value against Bacillus cereus are determined 31.25 and 15.63 μg/L, respectively.

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