Ayşe Gül NASIRCILAR, Kamile ULUKAPI, Zehra KURT

Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Dışarıdan Uygulanan Salisilik Asitin Turp (Raphanus sativus L.) Çeşitlerinin Çimlenme ve Vejetatif Büyüme Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi

Bu çalışmada ilk olarak dört farklı turp çeşidinin (siyah, beyaz, iri kırmızı, kırmızı fındık) farklı PEG6000 (%5, %10, %15, %20) konsantrasyonları uygulanarak oluşturulan kuraklık koşullarında çimlenme ve vejetatif gelişim parametreleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çimlenme parametresi olarak; çimlenme yüzdesi (%), çimlenme süresi ve vigor indeksi belirlenmiştir. Bitkilerde vejetatif gelişim parametresi olarak; yaprak sayısı (adet), sürgün boyu (cm), kök uzunluğu (cm), yaprak genişliği (cm), yaprak uzunluğu (cm), gövde çapı (mm), bitki yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları (g) ölçülmüştür. Beyaz, siyah ve kırmızı fındık turp çeşitlerinde %15, kırmızı iri turp çeşidinde ise %20 PEG uygulamalarında vegetatif gelişim parametreleri belirgin bir şekilde düşüş göstermiş olup, bu dozlar salisilik asit uygulamaları için eşik değer olarak belirlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada, çeşitlerin kuraklığa toleransını arttırmak amacıyla PEG6000 içeren ortamlara farklı dozlarda salisilik asit (0,25, 0,50, 0,75, 1,00 mM) uygulanmıştır. Salisilik asitin farklı dozlarının, kuraklık koşullarında turp tohumlarının çimlenmesi ve vejetatif gelişim parametreleri üzerine etkisi, çeşide bağlı olarak değişiklik göstermiş olup, çimlenmeyi teşvik edici etki yaptığı belirlenmiştir. İri kırmızı turp çeşidi hariç, bitki gelişimi üzerinde de genel anlamda olumlu etki yapmış, bu çeşitte uygulanan SA dozlarının inhibe edici etki yaptığı tespit edilmiştir. Siyah turp çeşidinde eşik değeri olarak belirlenen %15’lik PEG6000 konsantrasyonunda 0,50 mM salisilik asit uygulaması; beyaz ve kırmızı fındık turp çeşitlerinde ise eşik değeri olarak belirlenen %15’lik PEG6000 konsantrasyonunda 0,25 mM salisilik asit uygulaması vegetatif parametrelerinin iyileştirilmesi açısından oldukça iyi sonuç vermiştir.

Effects of Salicylic Acid on Germination and Vegetative Growth Properties of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Cultivars Grown under Drought Stress Conditions

In this study, firstly different PEG 6000 concentrations (%5, %10, %15, %20) were applied to fourdifferent radish cultivars (black, white, big red, little radish) to determine germination and vegetativegrowth parameters under drought conditions. As germination parameter; germination percentage (%),germination time and vigor index were determined. After germination, number of leaves, shoot length(cm), root length (cm), leaf width (cm) leaf length (cm), stem diameter (mm), plant fresh and dry weights(g) were measured in germinated plants. Vegetative growth parameters decreased in %15 PEG6000 forwhite, black and red little radish cultivars and in %20 for big red radish cultivar, and these doses weredetermined as the threshold value for salicylic acid applications. In second step, in order to increase thedrought tolerance of the cultivars, different doses of salicylic acid (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 mM) wereapplied in addition to PEG6000 application. The effect of different doses of salicylic acid on germinationand vegetative growth parameters of radish seeds under drought conditions varied depending on thecultivar, and it was determined that it caused a stimulatory effect on germination of the cultivars. Exceptfor the large red radish cv, it has a positive effect on plant growth in general. It was found that SA dosesapplied in this cultivar had an inhibitory effect. 0.50 mM salicylic acid in black radish; 0.25 mM salicylicacid applications in white and little red radish provided positive results in terms of improving vegetativeparameters at %15 PEG6000 concentration.

PDF

___

Abdul-Baki AA, Anderson JD. 1973. Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria.Crop Science, 13: 630-633.
Afzal I, Basra SM, Farooq M, Nawaz A. 2006. Alleviation of salinity stressin spring wheat by hormonal priming with ABA, salicylic acid and ascorbic acid. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 8(1): 23-28.
Arzani A, Ashraf A. 2016. Smart engineering of genetic resources for enhanced salinity tolerance in crop plants.CriticalReviews in Plant Sciences, 35: 146-189.
Ashraf M. 2010. Inducing drought tolerance in plants: recent advances. Biotechnology Advances, 28: 169-183. Carpita N, Sabularse D, Montezinos D, Delmer DP. 1979. Determination ofthe pore size of cell walls ofliving plant cells. Science, 205: 1144–1147.
Chaparzadeh N, Hosseinzad-Behboud E. 2015. Evidence for enhancement of salinity induced oxidative damages by salicylic acid in radish (Raphanussativus L.). Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding, 5(1): 23-33.
Cutt JR, Klessig DF. 1992. Salicylic acid in plants. A changing perspective. Pharmaceutical Technology, 16: 25–34.
Çanakçi S. 2008. Effects of salicylic acid on fresh weight change, chlorophyll and protein amounts of radish (Raphanus sativus L.)seedlings.Journal ofBiological Science, 8(43), 435.
Ellis RH, Roberts EH. 1981. The Quantification of Ageing and Survival in Orthodox Seeds. Seed Science and Technology, 9: 373-409.
Gosh P, Dash PK, Rituraj S, Mannan MA. 2014. Effect of salinity on germination, growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) varieties. InternationalJournal ofBiosciences, 5(1): 37-48.
Horváth E, Szalai G, Janda T. 2007. Induction of abiotic stress tolerance by salicylic acid signaling. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 26(3): 290-300.
ISTA 1985. International Rules for Seed Testing. Seed Science Technology 13.
Jasim AH, Al Timmen WMA, Abid AS. 2016. Effect ofsalt stress on plant growth and free endogenous hormones of primed radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds with salicylic acid. InternationalJournal ofChemTech Research, 9(6): 339-346.
KalantariH,KooshapurH.RezaiiF,RanjbariN,MoosaviM.2009. Study of the protective effect of Raphanus sativus (radish), seed in liver toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice. Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products, 4: 24‒31.
Kang Y, Wan S. 2005. Effect of soil water potential on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) growth and water use under drip irrigation. Scientia Horticulturae, 106(3): 275-292.
Karlidag H, Yildirim E, Turan M. 2009. Salicylic acid ameliorates the adverse effect of salt stress on strawberry. Scientia Agricola, 66(2): 180-187.
Khan W, Prithiviraj B, Smith P. 2003. Photosynthetic responses of corn and soybean to foliar application ofsalicylates.Journal of Plant Physiology, 20: 1–8.
Lee HJ, Jin ES, Kim W. 1999. Inhibition of Auxin-Induced Ethylene Production by Salicylic Acid in Mung Bean Hypocotyls.Journal of PlantBiology, 42(1):1-7.
Macar TK, Turan. O, Ekmekcd Y. 2009. Effects of Wa-ter Deficit Induced by PEG and NaCl on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Cultivars and Lines at Early Seedling Stages. Gazi University Journal of Science, 22(1): 5-14.
Noman A, Ali Q, Maqsood J, Iqbal N, Javed MT, Rasool N, Naseem J. 2018. Deciphering physio-biochemical, yield, and nutritional quality attributes of water-stressed radish (RaphanussativusL.) plantsgrown fromZn-Lys primed seeds. Chemosphere, 195: 175-189.
Raza SH, Shafiq F. 2013. Exploring the role of salicylic acid to attenuate cadmiumaccumulation in radish (Raphanussativus). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 15(3): 547- 552.
Sivritepe HÖ. 2012.TohumGücününDeğerlendirilmesi. Alatarım Dergisi, 11(2), 33-44.
Verslues PK, Ober ES, Sharp RE. 1998. Root Growth and Oxygen Relations at Low Water Potentials, Impact of Oxygen Availability in polyethylene Glycol Solutions. Plant Physiology,116 (4): 1403- 1412.
Wang D, Pajerowska-Mukhtar K, Culler AH, Dong X. 2007. Salicylic acid inhibits pathogen growth in plants through repression of the auxin signaling pathway. Current Biology, 17: 1784–1790.
Wang W, VinocurB, Altman A. 2003. PlantResponsesto Drought Salinity and Extreme Temperatures towards Genetic Engineering for Stress Tolerance. Planta, 218(1): 1-14.