Numan KILIÇALP, Mustafa AVCI, Hatice HIZLI, RÜŞTÜ HATİPOĞLU

Buğdaygil ve Baklagil -Buğdaygil Karışımı Meraların Süt İneklerinin Verim Performansı ve Sütün Bileşimine Etkileri

Bu araştırma, Domuz ayrığı (Dactylis glomerata, Pizza, DA), İngiliz çimi (Lolium perenne, Bastion, İÇ) ve Ak üçgül (Trifolium repens, Huia, AÜ) karışımları ile tesis edilen 3 farklı meranın (İÇ, İÇAÜ ve DAAÜ) kuru ot verimi, kimyasal kompozisyonu, süt ineklerinde süt verimi ve sütün kompozisyonuna etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. İki yıl yürütülen bu araştırmada otlatma denemesi, dönüşümlü deneme düzenine göre yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, her biri 30 günden (8 gün alıştırma ve 22 gün esas dönem) oluşan iki dönemde toplam 6 baş Siyah-Alaca inek (2. laktasyonda ve ortalama 520±26 kg canlı ağırlığında) kullanılmıştır. Hayvanların süt verimi her dönemin birbirini takip eden son beş gününde, sütün besin madde kompozisyonu (kuru madde, yağ ve protein içeriği) ise son üç günü alınan örneklerde tespit edilmiştir. İÇAÜ merasından elde edilen otların asit çözücüde çözünmeyen lif (ADF) içeriği, diğer iki meradan elde edilenlerinkinden daha düşük bulunurken, Net Enerji Laktasyon (NEL) içeriği, birinci yıl, birinci otlatma döneminde, daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte, incelenen meraların süt verimine etkisi önemsiz, ancak birinci yılda süt protein verimine, ikinci yılda ise süt yağı ve süt kuru maddesine etkilerinin önemli olduğu bulunmuştur. Otlatma döneminin birinci yılında, süt verimi, süt yağı verimi ve protein verimine etkisi ise önemli bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, bu çalışma şartları altınında meranın botanik kompozisyonunun sütün miktar ve bileşimi üzerine etkisinin olmadığı ancak, vejetasyon döneminin ilerlemesiyle süt veriminin düştüğü görülmüştür.

Effects of Grass and Legume-Grass Mixture pasture on Production performance and Milk Composition of Dairy Cows

This research was conducted to determine forage yield, chemical composition, milk yield and milk composition in dairy cattle grazing on pasture established with species and mixtures of Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne, Bastion,PR), Orchardgrass(Dactylis glometata, Pizza,OG) and White clover(Trifolium repens, Huia,WC). In this research conducted for two years, the grazing experiment was carried out according to a change over trial design. For this purpose, a total of 6 Holstein Friesian cows (at the 2nd lactation and with an average of 520 ± 26 kg live weight) were used for two periods, each of which consisted of 30 days (8 days of adaptation and 22 days of the basis period). The milk nutritional composition of the animals (dry matter, fat and protein content) was determined in the last three days in the last five consecutive days of each lactation period. The acid detergent fiber (ADF) content of pasture obtained from Perennial ryegrass + White clover mixture (PRWC) was found to be lower than that obtained from the other two (PR and OG) pasture and Net Energy Lactation (NEL) content was found higher in the first grazing period in the first year. However, the effect of the investigated pastures on milk yield was not significant, but it was found that the effects on milk protein yield in the first year and dry matter of milk in the second year were significant. In the first year of grazing period, milk yield, milk fat yield and protein yield were found to be significant. The results of this study showed that under these operating conditions, the botanical composition of the pasture had no effect on the amount and composition of the milk, but the milk yield decreased as the vegetation period advanced.

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